considered promising direction, two sorts of which are extensively studied: solid polymer electrolyte and inorganic solid electrolyte. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Polymer electrolytes, such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or polyacrylonitrile-based matrices, exhibit several advantages, including high flexibility and easy fabrication, using commonly available Li salts such as bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide lithium (LiTFSI) or LiClO 4 to impart sufficient ionic conductivity to the system. [21] However, solid polymer electrolytes usually present a relatively lower ionic conductivity compared to liquid electrolytes. [22] Although adding inorganic ceramic particles as fillers can increase their ionic conductivity, they still fall behind the requirements for commercial application. [23][24][25] Compared with solid polymer electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes possess high ionic conductivity and have a high shear modulus to suppress the growth and penetration of Li dendrites. Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO), garnet-type Li solid-state electrolyte, has attracted much attention since it was first reported in 2007. [26][27][28][29][30] Despite its attractive ionic conductivity and excellent chemical and electrochemical stability, the brittleness and mass density of the ceramic ion conductor are too high to allow broad application of inorganic electrolytes.One effective strategy to combat the limitations of both electrolyte types is to integrate both polymer and inorganic solid electrolytes into a single hybrid solid electrolyte [31][32][33][34] with the following advantages: (1) an enhanced ionic conductivity to reach the magnitude of 10 −4 S cm −1 compared with controlled PEO-LiTFSI electrolyte; (2) improved electrochemical stability;(3) relative flexibility to bear the stresses resulting from cell fabrication and cycling; (4) reduced ceramic mass to increase the energy density per unit mass of the whole battery. However, experiments have proven that the simple combination of the solid polymer electrolyte and nanosize inorganic solid electrolyte does not always enhance the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte, owing to the agglomeration of the inorganic solid electrolyte. [35] Following a percolation mechanism, a long-distance Li-ion conductive pathway, which can be created by modifying the morphology of inorganic solid electrolyte inside the hybrid electrolyte, will allow the fast transport of Li ions in the pathway between the anode and cathode during charge and discharge cycles. 3D structures provide another possibility for combining inorganic and polymer solid electrolytes that is more efficient Solid-state electrolytes are a promising candidate for the next-generation lithium-ion battery, as they have the advantages of eliminating the leakage hazard of liquid solvent and elevating stability. However, inherent limitations such as the low ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes and the high brittleness of inorganic ceramic electrolytes severally impede their practical application. Here, an inexpensi...
3D hierarchical porous N-doped carbon aerogel from renewable cellulose: an attractive carbon for high-performance supercapacitor electrode and CO2 adsorption.
Use of freeze-dried amnion graft was effective in reducing IUA reformation and improving menstruation (according to pictorial blood-loss assessment chart) following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis of severe IUAs. ClinicalTrials.gov: (NCT02496052).
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