In this article, Sasha Bhat describes a project in Bradford set up to improve mental health services by researching and designing better systems for involving black and minority ethnic (BME) communities in commissioning. Two members of the project, Kulvinder Kaur and Shabana Kauser, describe their reasons for joining, what they got out of it and what they hope will come out of it.
Income inequality undesirably affects the living standards of the people in the different parts of the world. The main objective of the paper is to find out the intensity of income inequality in capitalistic and socialistic economies in the world. The study helps to explore the empirical evidence that how income inequality impacts the life of the people under the umbrella of concurrent economic systems. The study is based on the panel data set. The Generalized Method of Movements (GMM) is applied and the results depict that Government revenues are inversely associated with income inequality in both economic systems. It happens because government expenditures in an account of social safety nets result in a decline in income inequality. On the other side, economic growth, and employment ratio hold a positive connection with income inequality under the parasol of socialism and capitalism. This research reveals that both systems are deficient to mitigate income inequality and leave the space for a new and balanced economic system.
The versatility of Morus (Mulberry) fruit is growing among various suppliers and users globally. This study assessed the comparative variability in terms of total sugar, acidity, minerals, phenolic and anthocyanin contents and antioxidant dynamics of three black mulberry (M. serrata, M. nigra and M. macroura black) and two white mulberry cultivars (M. alba and M. macroura white) during various fruit development stages. Over all, M. alba (white cultivar) displayed maximum increase in sugar (0.10 to 1.35%) with maximum sugar recorded at fruit developmental stage 3 (FDS-3) followed by M. serrata (black cultivar) at FDS-5 (1.1%) and M. macroura white (white cultivar) at FDS-4 (0.9%). Decrease in acidity in M. alba from 0.8% at FDS-1 to 0.09% at FDS-4, M. nigra from 0.8% at FDS-1 to 0.03% at FDS-7 and M. macroura white from 0.6% at FDS-2 to 0.04% at FDS-4 were observed. TPC was maximum (590 GAE/100g) in M. nigra at FDS-6 and M. serrata (450 GAE/100g) at FDS-7 while white mulberry showed minimum TPC of < 200 GAE/100g during development stages. Two black cultivars (M. serrata and M. nigra) showed significant increase in total anthocyanin contents (14.57 to 100.06 and 14.13 to 201.87) from FDS-1 to FDS-7, whereas M. alba showed little increase (6.51 to 6.90). However, a decrease in anthocyanin contents (CGE/100 g FW) was observed in both M. macroura black and M. macroura white (17.07 to 11.79 and 9.03 to 2.68) from FDS-1 to FDS-7. The DPPH inhibition of black mulberry cultivars was pointedly greater with elevated levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg, Na, P and K as compared to the white cultivars during maturity. HPLC and MS procedures verified total six anthocyanins such as cyanidin, mono glucosides of malvidin, cyanidin rutinoside, delphinidin and pelargonidin in all mulberry cultivars that may be potential phyto-therapeutic agents for the prevention of diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. Conclusively, mulberry could be of great significance for people anticipated to take mulberry as adjuvant therapy against health related complications concerning reactive oxygen species and to overcome heavy metal toxicity.
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