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Today, Internet of things (IoT), Cloud and Fog networks have spread out around the world. The more these networks grow, the more their energy consumption comes to attention. Many efforts have been made during recent years to decrease this energy consumption, mainly focused on utilizing low-power devices. Green algorithms are recently proposed to reduce energy consumption by modifying the structure of many algorithms employed in the network and its protocols. This paper proposes a new green reliability algorithm for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP protocol) in Fog computing. The proposed algorithm does not require extensive TCP/IP protocol changes or relevant hardware. It is based on transferring less number of packets in the network by using the advantage of differences between TCP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are different in nature as the number of total packets in UDP is half that of TCP. As a result, the number of complete packets in UDP is half that of TCP. The proposed method is built around the loss of some packets in applications, such as voice and online video, does not severely degrade the end results. Therefore, the UDP protocol can substitute TCP in such situations. The criterion to switch between the two is the minimum acceptable Quality of Service (QoS) of the overall network. In other words, the UDP protocol will be used as long as QoS requirements are met. The switching process between UDP and TCP is dynamic, optimized by estimating network noise in the period. Additionally, we evaluated the proposed method based on several QoS functions, including delay, throughput, and energy usage. K E Y W O R D S energy efficiency, intelligent federated protocol, internet of things, quality of service, reliability, sustainable efficient transmission 1 | INTRODUCTION Today, the Internet of Things and cloud computing are commonly used in business environments. During the past few years, the Internet of Things has gained a lot of importance. Fog computing uses edge computing to deliver computing storage and management capabilities near end users. A fog computing layer must sit between IoT devices and remote clouds in order to capitalize on edge computing benefits

Vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs) can be designed in a way to organize road protection with no specific need for any fixed infrastructure. Accordingly, the movement of all vehicles can be planned according to perceived information, and Quality of Services Routing (QoSR) algorithms can be pressured according to its available options, paths, and links, and according to the criteria and reliability of the QoSR. Ensure that QoSR is aware of the environment of the network of vehicles, including location of vehicles, direction, and speed. This study is to reduce the effects of unpredictable problems on the best pathway to replace the broken path/link. A QoSR with Particle Swarm Optimization (QoSR-PSO) is used in this article for improving QoSs in vehicular ad hoc networks. By modeling the behavior of a group of particles, particle swarm optimization algorithms find the best possible solution to the problem. In order to perform simulation experiments, NS2 simulator and VanetMobisim have been used. The comparison results with benchmark studies show the improvement in packet delivery rate (PDR), delay, Packet Drop, and overload.

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