Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy leads to devastating neurological sequelae and even death. Clinician should try to miss this diagnosis whenever there is a viral infection with neurological deficit especially in pediatric age group.

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare disease affecting the central nervous system. It leads to devastating neurological sequelae with a mortality rate of approximately 30%. Clinicians should have high suspicion whenever there is neurologic deficit and history of viral infections especially involving upper respiratory tract in the pediatric age group.