y The SNAP-2: EPICCS collaborators are listed in Supplementary material. AbstractBackground: Decisions to admit high-risk postoperative patients to critical care may be affected by resource availability. We aimed to quantify adult ICU/high-dependency unit (ICU/HDU) capacity in hospitals from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand (NZ), and to identify and describe additional 'high-acuity' beds capable of managing high-risk patients outside the ICU/HDU environment. Methods: We used a modified Delphi consensus method to design a survey that was disseminated via investigator networks in the UK, Australia, and NZ. Hospital-and ward-level data were collected, including bed numbers, tertiary services offered, presence of an emergency department, ward staffing levels, and the availability of critical care facilities. Results: We received responses from 257 UK (response rate: 97.7%), 35 Australian (response rate: 32.7%), and 17 NZ (response rate: 94.4%) hospitals (total 309). Of these hospitals, 91.6% reported on-site ICU or HDU facilities. UK hospitals

Background. In developing countries, inadequate knowledge and cultural practice on complementary feeding (CF) is one of the main reasons for malnutrition. Objective: This study aimed to document the knowledge, attitude, and practices pertaining to CF among the mothers of rural area in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A communitybased cross-sectional study was conducted in upazila health complex, kachua, Chandpur from July to December, 2017. A total 408 mothers of the babies aged 6-24 months and children under six months were included. Data were collected from the mothers/caregivers of the children in a pretested semi-structured data collection sheet and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Appropriate statistical tests were done. Statistical significance was considered if p value was <0.05. Results: Knowledge regarding recommended CF practice only 50.8% but feeding should be started at 6 months of age (52.9),thick consistency (40.2%), adequate quantity( 61.8%), and appropriate quality (62.3%) cases. Knowledge in recommended appropriate timing and consistency varied significantly with maternal education. Frequency of CF was not appropriate in many cases. Most common first complimentary food was thick dal with rice/roti, khichuri rice 166(40.7%). One hundred twenty four (30.4%) mothers did not properly clean their hands before feeding and 138(33.8%) of mother used bottle for feeding, force full feeding (56.9%) and environment during feeding playing 72.5% and roaming around 25.5%. Conclusion: CF knowledge and practices are far gap from ideal in our country. Awareness building in the community may change improper feeding practices need health education. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-1, April 2020, Page 26-31

Vitamin D plays role in regulating cell growth, maintenance of body immunity, healthy musculoskeletal structure and functioning other various biological activities in keeping people healthy. This study was a part of a community based cross sectional study which was conducted among 274 primary school children. Two primary schools were selected purposively (one from Dhaka city and one from Gazipur district). The male and female ratio was equal. The mean age of the students was 8.86 ± 2.035 years. Majority of the children were within 5 -10 years (73.7%) and rest were within 10 -14 years. The male and female ratio was equal. Among the participants 28.8% were in class I, 20.1% were in class II, and 16.4% were in class III, 17.9% in class IV and rest 16.8% were in class V. Among the study participants 48.2% were of rural areas and 51.8% were from urban area. Standardized anthropometric measurements of body weight and height were made by trained nurses. Venous blood was collected by trained phlebotomist. Estimation of serum vitamin D was done in one reference laboratory. It was found that 60.6%rural respondents had below 20 ng/ml of serum Vitamin D, while none of urban children had below 50ng/ml of Serum Vitamin D. Mean value is significantly different between rural and urban children (p < 0.05). On the other hand 26.3% of male and 32.1% female children had Serum Vitamin D below 20 ng/ml. No such statistical difference was observed between male and female. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency especially among rural school going children in Bangladesh is very high and alarming which needs to explore the root cause.

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world and infants and young children are at the highest risk. Poor school performance, lessen work capacity, increase susceptibility to infections, impaired growth, and mental retardation are the long term consequences of anemia. This study was a part of a community based cross sectional study which was conducted among 274 children from two primary schools (one from Dhaka city and one from Gazipur district). The male and female ratio was equal. The mean age of the students was 8.86 ± 2.035 years. Majority of the children were within 5-10 years (73.7%) and rest were within 10-14 years. Among the study participants 48.2% were of rural areas and 51.8% were from urban area. Venous blood was collected by trained phlebotomist. Estimation of serum Hemoglobin was measured in a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540 nm. Serum Iron analysis was done singly as part of Multi-analytic Biochemistry Panel using Beckman Synchron LX20 in a reference laboratory. The mean hemoglobin was 11.89 ± 1.55 among the rural subjects and 11.55 ± 0.96 among the urban subjects. While mean hemoglobin was 11.87 ± 1.29 among the male subjects and 11.56 ± 1.29 among the female subjects. Statistically significant differences were found between rural and urban and male and female subjects (p<0.05). Serum iron level was estimated which shows that all the subjects had below 50 µg/dl. Overall prevalence of anemia and insufficiency serum iron among the school going children is marked and needs to explore the root cause. This study was a part of a community based cross sectional study which was conducted among 274 primary school children

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