This study aimed to see the role of diet and exercise in the control of disease or in minimizing the complications associated with diabetes. This was hospital based study conducted on four hundred and twenty (420) human subjects, divided in to six (06) main groups of seventy (70) subjects each. Exercise and diet protocol was set according to the international standards. Blood and urinary glucose level of subjects from each group was estimated before the start and at different intervals during the study to compare the effect of diet and exercise in minimizing the disease associated complications. Blood and urinary glucose level of various groups of diet (252.66 ± 6.5/203.00 ± 5.1, 252.66 ± 6.5/159.90 ± 3.3 and 252.66 ± 6.5/158.24 ± 2.70) and diet as well as exercise (252.66 ± 6.5/201.90 ±4.7, 252.66 ± 6.5/164.30 ± 3.7 and 252.66 ± 6.5/157.80 ± 2.70) were compared with that of the control group. The data was recorded and analyzed on SPSS version 16. The role of diet and exercise was observed significant (P ≤ 0.05) in the control of diabetes mellitus type II. Comparison of the blood and urinary glucose levels of individual of various groups under study was made. Significance improvement on the health of individuals in the diet and exercise was observed with P-values of exercise, diet and diet + exercise groups less than 0.05 each. It is concluded that a low calorie intake with regular exercise not only reduces the economic burden of the diabetics but also minimize the associated long term fatal pathologies. The disease is a growing health concern which needs lifelong treatment. Life style modification with changes in dietary habits and exercise therapy would reduce the economic burden on poor and needy diabetics, both in term of chemotherapeutic cost in the early stage of the disease, as well as minimizing the devastating complications of the disease. Type II diabetes and its prevention and treatment is a challenge for the future. The use of drugs therapy should be restricted only where dietary restrictions and exercise fail to achieve the desired goal. Even, in patients where drug therapy is the ultimate choice, life style modifications and dietary control are extremely fruitful and minimize the associated complications.