Introduction: To determine the clinical types and etiological factors and to assess the biochemical abnormalities in neonates with seizure. Materials and Methods: This was a Cross-sectional, comparative hospital based study. Ninety neonates, age up to 28 days of both sexes were evaluated for clinical types, etiological factors and biochemical abnormalities with seizure and compared with those having no seizures. The variables were analyzed using student t- test. All the data was processed and analyzed by computer software SPSS version 15.0. Level of significance was considered as p value less than 0.05. Results: Most of the neonates having seizures (72%) within 3 days of life. The seizures were common in male babies (62%). 35% of the mother of baby with seizure gave history of prolonged labour. HIE was diagnosed 56.67% neonates with seizure whereas infection were found in 25% cases with seizure. Among the seizure subtypes, subtle seizures were 58% followed by clonic seizures 30%. Significant biochemical changes we found in 43.34% of neonates with seizures. Hypocalcemia (46%) was most common followed by hypoglycemia(38%). Conclusion: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was the commonest cause of neonatal seizure followed by neonatal infections including meningitis and sepsis.. Biochemical abnormalities are more common in neonates with seizure than neonates free from seizure. Among the biochemical abnormalities hypocalcaemia and hypoglycemia occurs most commonly followed by hyponatraemia and hypomagnesaemia. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(1): 37-41

Tubal rupture following an ectopic pregnancy is usually associated with profound hemorrhage which can lead to an unstable hemodynamic state that can risk the life of the patient. To explore the pattern of ruptured ectopic pregnancy in a secondary level healthcare facility, this Cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 ruptured ectopic pregnancy cases at 250 Bedded General Hospital, Tangail from January to November 2017. Cases were diagnosed by taking history (short period of amenorrhoea, acute lower abdominal pain and per-vaginal bleeding), clinical examination and relevant investigations (per-abdominal ultrasonography, TVS, CBC, serum ß-hCG level). Postoperatively, all the patients were followed up meticulously till discharge. The mean age of patients was 33.5(±7.8) years and the highest incidence (43%) was recorded in the age group of 26-30 years. All the patients were managed surgically with no record of case fatality. The most common site for the extra-uterine pregnancy was the tubal area (80%), 13% were ovarian pregnancy, 2% were abdominal and 5% were in other sites (rudimentary horn of uterus, cessarian scar). Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease was the most common risk factor (70%). Other risk factors such as, H/O receiving subfertility treatment (assisted reproduction/ ovulation inducing drugs), previous ectopic pregnancy, developmental errors of uterus, caesarean scar pregnancy and unknown cause were 10.0%, 6.0%, 3.0%, 3.0% and 8.0% respectively. The rise of serum ß-hCG level was found ≤1500 IU/L in 72% and >1500 IU/L in 28% of patients. Tubal area found to be the most common site of ruptured ectopic pregnancy in this study and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease was the most common risk factor followed by undergoing subfertility treatment.  Surgical intervention was the choice of treatment in all cases with zero fatality recorded. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 20-23

Introduction: Nutritional management becomes crucial for the infants of cholestatic jaundice as they suffer from impaired digestion and absorption of fatty acid and fat soluble vitamins. Thus evaluation of nutritional status was done to identify undergoing malnutrition. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional, prospective study done in the indoor patients department of paediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, BSMMU; since April 2016 to September 2016 (6 months). Purposive sampling was done from the infants (2 weeks to 12 months age) with cholestatic jaundice or having neonatal jaundice persisting more than 2 weeks. Linear regression analysis was done for correlation between different anthropometric variables. Results: Total 47 patients were enrolled in this study although 93 patients were admitted with cholestatic jaundice in that time period in the department. Most of them were found biliary atresia (61.70%) Idiopathic Neonatal Hepatitis (31.91%). Among anthropometric indices, Weight for length Z(WLZ) Score mean was -1.6 (±1.6), Triceps skin fold thickness (TST) mean 5.48 (±2.75) mm, and Subscapular skin fold thickness(SST) mean was 4.13 (±2.39)mm. Linear regression analysis of each variables done with other and found positive correlation between TST with WLZ Score and SST with WLZ score and found highly significant (p=0.008 in ANOVA) and (p=0.011 in ANOVA) respectively. Conclusion: Cholestatic babies were found mild to moderately malnourished in our study. Skin fold thickness was found to be an important early clinical marker for diagnosis of malnutrition which was found positively correlated with the standard procedure of anthropometry in our study. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(1): 10-14

Original Research Article Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis in preterm babies of tertiary medical college and hospital. Method: this was a prospective observational and experimental study was carried out at Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from July 2010 to October 2011 among 80 preterm babies. Results: The mean (±SD) weight of the babies was 1713.8 (±436.0) gm with a range of 500-2750 gm, 4(5.0%) babies were extreme preterm (gestational age <28 weeks), 12(15.0%) babies were very preterm (gestational age 28 to <32 weeks) and 64(80.0%) babies were preterm (gestational age 32 to <37 weeks). Ampicillin 71(88.8%)andgentamicin71(88.8%) were used in most of the cases, followed by ceftazidime35(43.8) and amikacin in 35(43.8%) cases, meropenem in 8(10.0%) cases, ciprofloxacin in 7(8.8%) cases, metronidazole in 11 (13.8%) cases. Among the organisms, Acinatobacter were present in 2 (2.5%) patient, Pseudomonas were present in 2(2.5%), CONS were present in 2(2.5%), Citrobacter in 1(1.3%) patient. Conclusion: From our study we can say that Acinatobacter, Pseudomonas and CONS were the most common isolate in our study. Early diagnosis and therapy are essential for the prevention of morbidity and mortality of neonatal sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit.

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