Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is always of clinical significance either it occurs before onset of labour at term or preterm. It is defined as spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes which results in leakage of amniotic fluid. PROM is related with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality if not treated sensibly on time, due not only to conditions causing it but also likelihood of emergency cesarean delivery. Aim: To ascertain frequency of C- section in women presented with premature rupture of membranes at tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit 1, Sheikh Zayed Women Hospital, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana from 1st October 2020 to 30th April 2021 Methodology: One hundred and eighty six pregnant women having gestation from 28 weeks till 40 weeks and diagnosed as premature rupture of membranes were included. Results: The average age 27.97±5.66 years. 29.57% of caesarean section presented PROM was observed. Conclusion: PROM remains an imperative cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and increased rate of cesarean section delivery to focus upon. Timely evaluation of reasons leading to PROM can help us in reducing the soaring rate of cesarean section in developing countries. Keywords: Premature rupture of membranes, Caesarean section, complications.

Background: When pre-eclampsia (PE) occurs, it is a multi-organ condition with an unknown cause that is classified as a high-risk pregnancy marked by hypertension and proteinuria. Many antihypertensive medications are utilised, but they have drawbacks, whereas the use of labetalol to treat hypertension in women with pre-eclampsia has shown to be effective. Our findings may aid in underlining the importance of adequate treatment for pre-eclamptic patients who are in danger. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous labetalol in the treatment of pre-eclampsic pregnant women who presented to a public service tertiary hospital. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaikh Zaid Women Hospital, Larkana from 1st June to 30th November 2020. Methodology: One hundred women with pre-eclampsia who had a singleton pregnancy on ultrasonography. Then intravenous labetalol 20mg, 40mg, 80mg, then 80mg every 15 minutes until goal blood pressure was obtained. Every 30 minutes, blood pressure was taken. Results: The mean age was 31.25±5.30 years. There were 24% patients with pre-eclampsia achieved target blood pressure (150/100 mmHg) with one dose of intravenous labetalol, another 55% achieved target blood pressure with a second dose, and the remaining 21% achieved target blood pressure with a third dose. Conclusion: Labetalol was found to be an effective treatment for women suffering from pre-eclampsia. Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, Blood pressure, Intravenous labetalol

Background: Infertility is always been considered as social issue because of its impact on individuals as well as on families. Unexplained infertility defined as inability of a couple to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse even in the absence of any specific reason for it. Aim: To compare the efficacy of letrozole and clomiphene citrate among patients presenting with unexplained infertility Study design: Prospective observational study. Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Sheikh Zayed Women Hospital Larkana from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: Three hundred and thirty six women having unexplained infertility were randomly allocated into two groups. One hundred and sixty eight patients in group A were given letrozole 2.5mg and 168 women in group B received clomiphene citrate 50mg for three months with successive increase in dose up to 3 cycles, if not conceived in first cycle. They were assessed for pregnancy after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Results: The average age of the patients was 27.01±2.53 years. Efficacy of letrozole was significantly high as compare to clomiphene citrate [82.1%vs.62.5%;p=0.0005]. Conclusion: The efficacy of letrozole was significantly high as compared to clomiphene citrate. Letrozole is a better alternative for ovulation induction in anovulatory women because it has high pregnancy rates with shorter time to pregnancy and chances of multiple pregnancies are less because of high monofollicular growth. Keywords:-Infertility, Clomiphene citrate, Letrozole, Unexplained infertility.