Background: Oral mucositis is a frequent problem after high-dose chemotherapy which could impair patient's quality of life, higher rates of infections, and delay in subsequent chemotherapy. Objectives: The present study was performed to assess the effect of topical application of pure natural honey in prevention of chemotherapy induced mucositis in patients with cancer. Patients and Methods:In this randomized clinical trial 48 patients with acute leukemia requiring chemotherapy were assigned to three equal groups. During induction or reinduction period of chemotherapy, first group received honey plus normal saline; the second one received just normal saline and third, (in control group) did not receive any prophylaxis. Patients were evaluated weekly for progression of mucositis according to the WHO mucositis scale. Data were analyzed with the Pearson Chi-Square and Fisher Exact test, by fifteen edition of SPSS software. Results: In group of 'honey plus normal saline' no patients developed mucositis, while in normal saline group 4 patients and in control group 12 patients developed mucositis. The rate of mucositis was significantly lower in both intervention groups compared to control (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that using either honey or normal saline can reduce the rate and severity of chemotherapy induced mucositis.

Background: Congenital anomalies are considered as one of the major causes of neonatal death. The prevalent pattern of congenital anomalies may vary diachronically or geographically. With regard to the pervasiveness of under-five mortality (probability of dying between birth and exactly 5 years old) in Hamadan province in the recent years, the present study intended to determine the risk factors of congenital anomalies of newborns in Hamadan province in 2017. Methods: The present case-control study was conducted in the hospitals affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences for 6 months in 2017. The study targeted all the newborns from birth to hospital discharge. The neonatal cases with congenital anomalies were identified through clinical examination. A report sheet was assigned to a healthy newborn, as a control, per each case of congenital anomalies born on the same day and in the same hospital. Once data was collected, they were statistically analyzed by means of SPSS V. 16 software. Results: According to the current results, the prevalence of congenital anomalies was 0.85% (8.5 per 1,000 live births). Genitourinary (40%), musculoskeletal (25.2%), eye, ear and neck (18.5%), chromosomal (5.9%), respiratory tract (3.7%) and cardiovascular system (2.2%) were the most common congenital anomalies, respectively. Consanguineous marriage, concomitant use of contraceptive methods and male sex were found to be the most important risk factors for congenital anomalies. Conclusions: The present study aimed at identifying the various types and prevalence of congenital anomalies in Hamadan province. Regular prenatal examination and early diagnosis for prevention, early intervention and scheduled termination of pregnancy are recommended. Besides, public awareness of the disadvantages of consanguineous marriage and other pertaining risk factors affecting the incidence of congenital anomalies is also recommended.

Exchange rate fluctuations have been affecting economic demand in recent years. The purpose of this study is to review the effects of exchange shocks on Sanandaj Municipality Revenues. The statistical population is Sanandaj municipality during 2006-2018 and SPSS, Eviews softwares were used for data analysis. The results show that since the correlation test is not significant at the level of 0.95, there is no significant relationship between two variables of municipality income and exchange fluctuations. Thus, the main hypothesis is rejected. In other words, exchange shocks have no impact on Sanandaj municipality revenues. Also based on the correlation test, since the correlation test is not significant at the level of 0.95, the relationship between the two variables of municipality income and negative exchange fluctuations is not significant and the sub-hypothesis (1) is rejected, and finally based on correlation test, since the correlation test is not significant at the level of 0.95, the relationship between two variables of municipality and positive exchange fluctuations is not significant. Thus, the sub-hypothesis (2) is rejected as well. It could be concluded that, Sanandaj municipality revenues do not follow the currency rate fluctuations.

Introduction: Identification of the etiology of limping and gait disturbances in children necessitates accurate physical examination and history taking. Although serious conditions such as septic arthritis and Guillain-Barre syndrome are usually prioritized in the differential diagnosis of limping, benign disorders such as benign acute childhood myositis (BACM) should not be discarded. Case Presentation: During the recent H1N1 influenza pandemic in the fall and winter of 2015 -2016 in Hamadan, Iran, three school children presented to our clinic with limping and abnormal gait. Precise history taking, in addition to accurate physical examination and simple laboratory tests, confirmed the diagnosis of myositis. The patients were discharged soon after complete recovery.