The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an intracellular organelle that performs multiple functions, such as lipid biosynthesis, protein folding, and maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis. Thus, conditions wherein the ER is unable to fold proteins is defined as ER stress, and an inbuilt quality control mechanism, called the unfolded protein response (UPR), is activated during ER stress, which serves as a recovery system that inhibits protein synthesis. Further, based on the severity of ER stress, the response could involve both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic phases. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of cerebral stroke and many lines of evidence have suggested a role for the ER in major neurological disorders. The injury mechanism during ICH includes hematoma formation, which in turn leads to inflammation, elevated intracranial pressure, and edema. a proper understanding of the injury mechanism(s) is required to effectively treat ICH and closing the gap between our current understanding of ER stress mechanisms and ICH injury can lead to valuable advances in the clinical management of ICH.Cells 2020, 9, 750 2 of 20 because of cardiovascular conditions, with hypertension playing a major role. PBI is characterized by mechanical injury followed by a mass effect with the initial ictus causing physical tissue disruption that then leads to pathophysiological conditions in the brain.A sudden rise in intracranial hematoma volume causes an increase in barotrauma and reduces blood flow to the area of the ictus [4,5]. Typically, PBI is followed by SBI, which is considered as a devastating stage after ICH, and the severity of SBI depends on the rate of recovery and location of the ICH. SBI involves the neuroinflammatory response to the triggering of the coagulation cascade through activation of the immune system. The inflammation size is based on the volume and position of the hematoma [5][6][7]. The various pathological factors responsible for SBI include the host immune response, release of thrombin, release of clot components (iron and heme)