Tattoo, a Polynesian word meaning 'to mark', is a form of body modification done by inserting indelible ink into the dermis to change its pigmentation. Tattoos are done for social, cultural, and religious purposes. It has been in existence since the 18th century and was associated with sailors, lower class individuals, and criminals. However, since the late 20th century, tattooing has undergone a redefinition and shifted to an acceptable form of expression all over the world, including Nigeria, cutting across almost all age groups and socioeconomic class. This review is aimed at highlighting the indication, complications arising from the procedure as well as removal, and how to manage them. The dermatological complications associated with tattoos can occur either during inking or attempts at removal. Most times, tattoos are obtained through unsafe means by unauthorized personnel, and this is associated with numerous health risks. Of particular importance to the dermatologists are the hypersensitivity reactions, granulomatous skin disease, and formation of both keloid and hypertrophic scars. Treatment options vary and include use of silicone gel and intralesional steroids for hypertrophic and keloid scars, topical medication for hyperpigmentation, and use of LASER for tattoo removal. In conclusion, the trend of tattooing has become a widely accepted form of social expression all over the world and is gradually gaining ground in Nigeria. Patients frequently present to the dermatologists and physicians for solutions to the complications. It is important to proffer solutions and educate patients on the various health risks associated with tattooing.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way telemedicine is utilized globally, with most countries reporting an increase in its adoption. The first review of teledermatology in Nigeria reported poor service use. This present report outlines an improvement in the adoption of telemedicine and factors that may account for this increased utilization. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all patients who registered through 2 telemedicine platforms to access dermatology services during a 1-year period. Data were collated with an online questionnaire and analyzed by t test and chi-square test. Results: Sixty patients booked appointments through the platform, with 38 and 22 patients booking virtual and physical consultations, respectively. The response rate was 68.4% and 50.0% for those that booked virtual and physical consultations, respectively, with no significant age difference between the groups (P = 0.42). More women booked appointments, and all respondents were educated to at least college level. The majority learned about booking a dermatologist appointment through social media. There was no difference in the clinical outcome between patients who booked a virtual or physical consultation (P = 0.89). Conclusion: More patients are resorting to teledermatology services because of the convenience; however, most of these patients are situated in urban areas. Because this study showed no significant differences in the clinical outcome between patients who booked virtual and physical consultations, the adoption of teledermatology may be the answer to increasing coverage of dermatology services in developing countries where specialists are limited. Efforts must be made to increase the reach of teledermatology to rural areas.
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