Needle stick injury (NSI) is one of the major causes of blood borne infections in the present day healthcare system. Among healthcare professionals, nursing students will most likely be exposed to this dilemma. Interventions like institutionalizing educational programs to produce awareness and knowledge among nurses can depict positive outcomes in changing perceptions toward safety measures. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, perspectives, views, perceptions, and knowledge of NSIs among nursing students studying at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University. The sample population consisted of all undergraduate nursing students from second to fourth academic levels at the university who consented to participate in this study. The mode of data collection utilized a self-structured questionnaire apportioned into four parts. The first portion of the questionnaire presented the socio-demographic details of the respondents. The second part of the questionnaire demonstrated questions about needle stick incidences at the clinical units of the participants; frequency of occurrences (i.e., number, nature, and rationale); place of occurrence; and, whether the event was reported to higher authorities. The third part of the questionnaire entailed queries associated with the knowledge of the students with respect to needle stick injury. The last part focused on the student's knowledge and perception on the risks associated to needle sticks injuries and the relative precautions to prevent such. The results showed that most of the students had positive perception of NSIs; while two thirds of the student nurses experienced NSI with increasing number of injured nurses occurring among second year students. This is due to the lack of knowledge regarding universal precaution guidelines and acupuncture safety device. Nursing students are at risks of getting infection. Proper steps are needed to promote awareness of NSI as well as the dangers and prevention from such events.

Background: The role of pain education is well established in improving knowledge and attitude towards the adherence to pain assessment and management. Methods: A brief pain education program was delivered to assess nurses' knowledge and attitude towards pain assessment and management. The "KASRP" scale was used at three phases; pre, post, and three months' follow-up phases. Subsequent eight months observation on using pain assessment sheets was also performed. Results: One hundred and four nurses were assessed at the beginning, followed by 92 at the immediate post-test, and 70 at the follow-up. Although nurses scored lowest in having knowledge and attitudes prior to the program, a significant improvement was evident after delivering pain education. In addition, nurses' competency in pain assessment was maintained over the three months of assessment. Younger nurses with shorter clinical experience were found more reactive to the program than older nurses. Conclusions: A brief nurse-driven pain education has improved nurses' knowledge and attitude towards pain management.

The Aim of the study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors of ischemic heart disease among patients undergoing coronary angiography. Subjects and Method: A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized. This study was carried out in the cardiovascular medicine department at Assiut University Hospital. The study sample consisted of all patients attended to the cardiovascular medicine department and underwent coronary angiography within 6 months period from October 2016 to April 2017 500 patients (317 males and 183 females). A structured interview sheet was utilized to collect data includes Data related to socio-demographic characteristics, medical data and risk factors of ischemic heart disease. Results: Incidence of ischemic heart disease among patients underwent coronary angiography at Assiut University Hospital over six months was 398 patients out of 500 patients (79.6%). Most of the studied patients were males and their age ranged from 40-65 years. Smoking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes and family history were the major risk factors for IHD respectively. Conclusion: There was highly significant statistical relationship between the age, sex, diabetes and smoking and the prevalence of IHD with a p-value of (0.001). Recommendations: Screening of those living in rural areas for IHD, and application of life style modification programs for the modifiable risk factors which leading to IHD.

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The aim of the study was to identify risk factors for frequency of readmission among heart failure patients at Assiut University Hospital. Research design: A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: This study was carried out in the cardiovascular medicine department at Assiut University Hospital. sample: The study sample consists of a (100) heart failure patients; ages ranged from 18-65 years old. Tools: Two tools were used; tool one: a patient assessment sheet, tool two: re-admission assessment sheet. Results: Frequency of patients' readmission in a period of (6) months was (31%), (64.5%) have readmitted once, (29.03%) twice and (6.45%) three times. Highest percent was readmitted within 60 days of discharge (38.7%), (19.4%) readmitted within 30 days of discharge and (19.4%) readmitted within 90 days of discharge. Drug non-compliance, diet poor compliance, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, ischemia, anemia and worsening left ventricular function were the major risk factors for HF patients'readmission. Conclusion: Frequency of patients' readmission was (31%). Drug non-compliance, diet poor compliance, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, ischemia, anemia and worsening left ventricular function were the major risk factors for HF patients 'readmission. Recommendations: Design educational programs for patients with HF to reduce frequency of readmission of those patients.