The paper attempts to study constitutional development in Pakistan in relation to the political instability or stability of the country. Analysis of the secondary data qualitatively revealed that the country suffered much due to political instability which was a result of the non-development and non-availability of the constitution. As the constitution provides a set of rules for people of a state who agree to live together and it is the basic set of principles through which a state is governed, the newly established state of Pakistan initially adopted the 1935 India Act to run the affairs. The process to frame a fresh constitution started after the transitory of Objectives Resolution in 1949 while Islamic and democratic values were considered as foundations to formulate a constitution for Pakistan. Three constitutions in 1956, 1962, and 1973 were framed in order to maintain political stability and to govern the state. Pakistan in its 72 years of age was governed by 49 Heads of State or Heads of Department including five military dictators (Naz, 2019). Only during the early eleven years, twelve Heads of State or Heads of Departments administered the oath to run the government. Two Prime Ministers were assassinated and one was hanged while two sitting Prime Ministers were declared disqualified by the court. East Pakistan was separated due to political instability and eight times constitutional assemblies were dissolved (Obaidullah, 2020). Several times, the Constitutions were abrogated or suspended and federalism was lacking in the country that also resulted in political instability. It is only since the last decade, political stability is emerging due to prevailing, implementing, development, and intactness of the Constitution.

Iraqi President Jalal Talabani addressed the United Nations General Assembly (henceforth UNGA) on September 25, 2008. In his address, he spoke about Iraqi legislative elections, long-term security concerns in the country and region, and called on the international community to authorize an international probe into attacks in Iraq which he said could not have been carried out without outside support. He said terrorist attacks that killed dozens of people, have reached the level of genocide and crimes against humanity. This paper aimed to highlight the speech acts used by President Jalal Talibani in this address using qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis. This paper also analyzed the direct and indirect speech acts employing the framework  of Austin and Searle. The findings revealed that his address includes a balanced use of direct and indirect speech acts while maximum use of representative acts is evident. The paper concludes that the speech act analysis highlights the informative and supportive nature of President Talabani as he was able to highlight the problems of the country and at the same time ensuring every possible effort and support for the sake of raising the country to international community standards.

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