The
effects of high-pressure shock waves generated by the detonation
of explosives are of major interest to the strategic sector. We report
interaction of transonic shock waves (1.1 Mach speed; peak pressure
>1.5 GPa) with graphene-like nanoflakes (GNFs). GNF samples, obtained
after chemical vapor deposition of a biomass, were studied using optical/electron,
force microscopy, Raman, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller/Barrett–Joyner–Halenda
studies. Following this, GNF samples were subjected to high-strain-rate
measurements, using a split Hopkinson pressure bar technique to measure
variations in the stress, strain, and strain rate. Numerous dynamic
mechanical parameters are derived under a classical Lagrange–Rankian–Hugoniot
framework together with collecting statistics on the lateral flake
size, number of layers, defect density, wrinkle, slip characteristics,
etc. Broadly, the incident shock energy was dampened by ∼65%
of absorption loss with ∼15% transmittance. It has implications
on the GNF microstructure by reducing the flake squareness, area (by
∼50%), and exfoliating layer conjugation by around 5 times.
The in-plane impact was more profound compared to the out-of-plane.
Dislocation/slip dynamics showed significant modification in prismatic
loops (from buckled to ruck and tuck), with twinning exhibiting a
lowering of the Peierls–Nabarro stress to make disorder glissile.
At the molecular level, dynamic deformation dramatically modified
the force constants with bond elongation at −C–C–
by ∼80% and at −CC– by >150% compared
to pristine. An interactive model is presented.
Graphene-like nanoribbons (GLNRs) were fabricated (length—20 μm; width—2 μm) and subjected to blast-like pulsed pressure >1.5 GPa (pulse speed ≈1 Mach, impulse duration, ≈µs) to examine the amount of absorption. GLNRs prepared by the chemical vapor deposition technique via controlled biomass combustion were subjected to investigate the structure–property characteristics using microspectroscopic techniques. Following this, GLNRs were employed to high strain rate (HSR) studies with the help of the technique known as split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) to evaluate numerous dynamic parameters. The parameters were extracted from variations in the stress and strain rates. Their analysis provided insight into the damping response of blast energy within GLNRs. By and large, the impact generated modified the microstructure, exhibiting modifications in the number of layers, conjugated loops, and dynamic disorder. Signal processing analysis carried out for incident and transmitted impulse pressure revealed an interaction mechanism of shock wave with GLNR. Details are presented.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.