In this paper, a novel nano-material was prepared, and then was applied for enzyme immobilization. Amidoxime ployarcylonitrile /montmorillonite (AOPAN/MMT) composite nanofibrous membranes were generated by electrospinning and amidoxime modification, then the nanofiber membranes were modified by glutaraldehyde; the modified AOPAN/MMT composite nanofibers were applied in laccase immobilization by adsorption and crosslinking method. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the morphology of the nanofibers, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to provide information on the surface chemistry of original and modified nanofibers. At the same time, the optimization of immobilization conditions and the relative properties of the immobilized laccase were also studied in this thesis. According to the experimental results the optimum conditions of laccase immobilization were obtained: glutaraldehyde concentration, crosslinking time, enzyme immobilization time were determined as 5%, 10 h and 12 h, respectively. The immobilized laccase showed a better stability resistance to temperature and pH change. Comparison of storage stabilities showed that the immobilized laccase retained more than 62.6% of its initial activity when stored at 4°C for 20 days. However, the free laccase lost most of its activity under the same conditions. The immobilized laccase retained 64.5% of its initial activity after 10 repeated batches of reaction.

Excellent insulation materials are urgently needed to insulate or reduce thermal transfer. However, the creation of such materials with ultralow thermal conductivity, high temperature tolerance, and mechanical robustness still faces enormous challenges. Here, a lightweight and robust aramid nanofiber (ANF) aerogel with a hierarchical cellular framework is reported by physically isolate ANFs from poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers, directional freezing of ANFs to cellular structure, and establishing chemical bonding of ANFs. Given the synergistic effect, the resulting aerogel exhibits a low thermal conductivity of 23.7 mW m −1 K −1 , a low density of 1.42 mg cm −3 , a high porosity of 90%, and a high compressive strain of up to 90%, indicating its excellent overall performance. The successful synthesis of the ANF aerogel may provide insights into the development of lightweight, flexible, and structurally adaptable thermal insulators.

AOPAN nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and amidoxime modification, subsequently, HEMA was used as the monomers for surface grafting via atom transfer radical polymerization, followed by coordination with Cu(II) ions, thereafter, the nanofibers AOPAN-poly(HEMA)-Cu(II) were explored as the novel support for laccase immobilization. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the morphology of the nanofibers, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to provide information on the surface chemistry of nanofibers. At the same time, the optimization of immobilization conditions and the relative properties of the immobilized laccase were also studied in this paper. The study showed the largest amount of immobilized laccase while the reaction time of atom transfer radical polymerization was 4 h. The immobilized laccase showed a better stability resistance to temperature and pH change, and the initial activity of immobilized laccase retained (60.3 ± 3.1)%, that of the free laccase retained only (21.3 ± 2.1)% when stored at 4℃ for 24 days. Immobilized laccase maintained its initial activity after 10 repeated batches of 64.5%.