Background There are currently no objective diagnostic criteria for chronic prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome and no accepted therapies that cure the disease.Methods We identified 372 patients with chronic prostatitis diagnosed from 2015 to 2018 and collect the information of age, routine urinary test, EPS and NIH-CPSI.Results Our study demonstrated a correlation between the increase of PSEP level and NIH-CPSI scores. At meantime, the correlation was found between the PSEP level and EPS-white blood cells.Conclusions These findings highlight the potential of PSEP as a viable indicator of symptomatic progression of CP/CPPS. Applications of PSEP assay may guide drug discovery and lead to the better treatment to improve patient’s quality of life.