Phosphors are efficient luminescent materials that are being extensively used in lighting and displays in today's world.

The interlayer modification and the intercalation pseudocapacitance have been combined in vanadium oxide electrode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Intercalation pseudocapacitive hydrated vanadium oxide Mn 1.4 V 10 O 24 •12H 2 O with defective crystal structure, interlayer water, and large interlayer distance has been prepared by a spontaneous chemical synthesis method. The inserted Mn 2+ forms coordination bonds with the oxygen of the host material and strengthens the interaction between the layers, preventing damage to the structure. Combined with the experimental data and DFT calculation, it is found that Mn 2+ refines the structure stability, adjusts the electronic structure, and improves the conductivity of hydrated vanadium oxide. Also, Mn 2+ changes the migration path of Zn 2+ , reduces the migration barrier, and improves the rate performance. Therefore, Mn 2+ -inserted hydrated vanadium oxide electrode delivers a high specific capacity of 456 mAh g −1 at 0.2 A g -1 , 173 mAh g -1 at 40 A g -1 , and a capacity retention of 80% over 5000 cycles at 10 A g -1 . Furthermore, based on the calculated zinc ion mobility coefficient and Zn(H 2 O) n 2+ diffusion energy barrier, the possible migration behavior of Zn(H 2 O) n 2+ in vanadium oxide electrode has also been speculated, which will provide a new reference for understanding the migration behavior of hydrated zinc-ion.

Cobalt pyrite (CoS2) is one of the promising candidate catalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution because of its efficient catalytic activity sites and inherent metallicity. Herein, we report the greatly improved electrocatalytic activity of CoS2 resulting from Mn doping. First, we give the theoretical prediction that Mn is the most excellent dopant to activate the electrocatalytic activity of CoS2 with the smallest Gibbs free energy (|ΔG H*|) while remaining metallic. Second, to provide experimental evidence, Mn-doped CoS2 nanowires are prepared by a hydrothermal and postsulfuration method. The optimized sample shows a low overpotential of 43 mV at 10 mA/cm2, a Tafel slope of only 34 mV/dec, and long-time stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction. This work reveals a new way to stimulate the electrocatalytic activity of other pristine candidate catalysts.

Co3O4 has received ever-growing interest as an electro-active material for supercapacitors due to its high theoretical specific capacitance (3560 F g−1) and simple synthesis process.