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A study investigating the effects of temperature and organic loading on the performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors was carried out in the laboratory. Laboratory-scale rcactors of 3.2 L volume were semicontinuously fed a synthetic substrate consisting of beef consommC and macroand micro-nutrient compounds. Temperatures ranged from 10 to 42°C; organic loadings ranged from 2.0 to 30 kg COD/(m3. d). Steady-state process kinetics and efficiencies were evaluated for the various conditions. Based on the assumption that upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor kinetics in the temperature range of 10-30°C could be approximated by Monod and modified Arrhenius equation relationships, effluent SCOD concentrations and removals were used to determine the maximum rate of substrate utilization, the half-velocity constant, and the temperature coefficient. A design and operating chart was constructed based on the kinetic coefficients determined from the experimental data.

Kubota Corporation has constructed five full-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) systems in Japan for treatment of stillage from shochu alcohol production. These systems were commissioned from 2006 to 2008. The AnMBR process has been demonstrated to have numerous process advantages over more conventional technologies, such as superior effluent quality, and ability to handle high concentrations of COD, TSS, and FOG, while attaining high organic loading rates (10 to 15 kgCOD/m 3 ·d).AnMBR installations typically operate at 55 °C, which provides additional benefits of higher bacterial kinetic rates and less sludge production. The flat sheet Kubota membranes ensure no biomass is lost to the effluent. COD, BOD, TSS, and FOG removals are typically over 98 percent in the AnMBR process. Despite the very high strength of alcohol stillages, the pairing of the AnMBR with an aerobic MBR (designed for biological nutrient removal), provides a twostage process that can produce an effluent with less than 10 mg/l TSS and BOD, and very low total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations.

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