Since Faris and Dunham (1939) found that the mental hospital admission rate for schizophrenia was higher in the central slum districts of Chicago than in the rest of the city, many studies have been carried out on the association between low social status and hospital admission with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. With few exceptions (for example, Clausen and Kohn, 1959; Jaco, 1954) these studies have confirmed that those in the lowest social group (in this country class V in the Registrar-General's scheme) have the highest admission rates. Some of these investigations have been “ecological” or “indirect”; i.e., admission rates have been calculated for areas of a city defined, for example, as slum, working, or middle class areas, and the rates for these areas compared; other studies have been “individual” or “direct”, where admission rates have been calculated for aggregates of individuals, defined as belonging to particular social classes, and the rates for the classes compared. An ecological study, like that of Faris and Dunham, may show that rates are higher in poor districts, but it does not necessarily follow that the patients admitted are themselves poor. Individual studies, however, do show that men in unskilled jobs have the highest admission rates.

Autologous MSC transplantation in MS appears feasible, safe, and well tolerated. Future trials to assess efficacy more definitively are warranted.

Nurses' perceptions of electronic medication administration record documentation versus medication administration record documentation over time in workload, teamwork, ease of documentation, drug information accuracy, patient safety, and overall satisfaction are not well understood. Using survey methods and a longitudinal design, nurses administering medications completed the Nursing Satisfaction with eMAR instrument anonymously after electronic medication administration record implementation and at 3 and 6 months. Data were analyzed using comparative and correlational statistics, and analysis-of-variance models used to complete multivariable regression. Participants were 719 nurses: baseline, n = 389; 3 months, n = 213; and 6 months, n = 117. Electronic medication administration record documentation was associated with perceived improvement in overall nurse satisfaction, workload, teamwork, ease of documentation, drug information accuracy, and patient safety across time periods (all P < .001) and in trends across time, (all P < .001). After regression, electronic medication administration record satisfaction improved across time periods (all P < .02), with the greatest improvement between baseline and 6-month follow-up (P < .001). An electronic medication administration record documentation system is associated with overall nurse satisfaction and perceptions of improvement in workload, teamwork, ease of documentation, drug information accuracy, and patient safety but not nurse/pharmacy communication. Since timeliness and accuracy of nurse/pharmacy communication remain key components to safe and timely medication administration and documentation, nurse and pharmacy personnel should develop alternate systems of communication.