Glyptosternines are highly specialized sisorid catfishes with greatly depressed body profiles; enlarged, horizontally extended paired fins, modified for adhesion, typically inhabiting torrential waters in rocky mountain streams and rivers. Their range of distribution extends from the upper reaches of the Amu Darya River drainage in Turkmenistan southwards and eastwards to Indochina and the Yangtze River (Changjiang) drainage of central China, and the Mekong and Salween drainages in northern and western Thailand (Vidthayanon et al. 2009; Ng & Vidthayanon 2014).

A total of 75 species of fishes belonging to 54 genera, 26 families and 10 orders has been recorded from the Poma River of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. The order cypriniformes represented highest diversity with 40 species (53%), followed by Siluriformes with 16 species (21%), Anabantiformes with 9 species (12%), Synbranchiformes with 3 species (4%) and Perciformes with 2 species. Anguilliformes, Beloniformes, Gobiiformes and Cichliformes were very rarely seen in the study area represented by a single species each along with an exotic fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under order Salmoniformes. The fish fauna of Poma River is a mixture of endemic hill stream, threatened, exotic and widely distributed forms and consists of 3 Endangered (EN), 5 Near Threatened (NT), 3 Vulnerable (VU), 6 Data Deficient (DD) and 49 Least Concerned (LC) categories of IUCN. Nine species were not evaluated. In the present study a new species was also described, and assigned with the name Channa pomanensis referring to the type locality, Poma river.

The amphibian diversity of Arunachal Pradesh has increased by 3 species after studying the backlog collection of APRC/ZSI, Itanagar. The 3 species belongs to 3 genera, 3 families and 1 order. Of the 3 species, 1 species is least concern, 1 is data deficit and 1 not evaluated as per IUCN.

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Pseudolaguvia vespa, new species, is described from the Tsücha River, Mokokchung district, Nagaland, India. The new species can be distinguished from congeners in having the following combination of characters: length of dorsal-fin spine 12.3–16.8% SL, a smooth anterior edge of the dorsal-fin spine, caudal peduncle depth 9.0–10.5% SL, body depth at anus 15.6–17.7% SL, caudal fin length 20.7–24.5% SL, pectoral fin length 20.1–24.1% SL, interorbital distance 22.7–28.1% SL, thoracic adhesive apparatus extending to midway between base of last pectoral-fin ray and pelvic-fin origin, and live specimens with two irregular, chrome-yellow bands on the body.