The adhesive property between asphalt and aggregate is a crucial factor that affects the resistance of asphalt pavement to moisture damage. In this study, by simulating the actual working conditions of asphalt–aggregate bonding characteristics, test equipment was developed and a method for evaluating the adhesive properties between asphalt and aggregate—the brush damage test—was proposed. A steel-wire brush as the brush type, a total of 0.5 kg/m2 asphalt content, 70 °C as the maintenance temperature, and 4 h as the maintenance time, as well as mass loss rate (ML) of specimens before and after brushing, were used as the evaluation index. The brush damage test was conducted on five commonly used asphalt binders and two commonly used aggregates. Finally, the results of the brush damage test were analyzed in comparison with those of a binder bond strength (BBS) test. It was indicated that the evaluation results for the adhesive properties between asphalt and aggregate were not consistent under the two test methods. The pull-off tensile strength under dry conditions (POTSdry) and under wet conditions (POTSwet) when ignoring the influence of the texture of aggregate did not reflect the adhesive properties. ΔPOTS, representing the ability of asphalt to resist the loss of adhesion strength due to moisture damage, can be used to evaluate the adhesion properties between asphalt and aggregate. Under appropriate conditions, the brush damage test has the advantages of simple operation, high credibility, and good discrimination.

Relying on the physical projects of Guangdong Province Chaohui expressway, Wushen expressway Renbo Section and Foqingcong expressway, based on asphalt and asphalt mixture test and on-site SFC test detection, through mathematical statistics, the factors affecting the skid resistance of SMA-13 asphalt mixture are obtained. At the same time, based on the observation of anti-skid performance of SMA-13 asphalt pavement from one year after construction to one year after opening to traffic, the change law of anti-skid performance of SMA-13 asphalt pavement from post-construction, temporary pass, acceptance and opening to traffic is obtained. The research results show that factors such as asphalt binder, mineral aggregate synthesis gradation, different oil-stone ratios and aggregate processing technology are possible factors that affect the anti-skid performance of SMA-13. The early anti-skid performance of SMA-13 asphalt pavement usually cannot meet the acceptance standard of SFC=54. However, the SMA pavement after construction can be spread with 3∼5mm gravel to improve its early anti-skid performance, and the on-site treatment effect is better.