Diabetes is a group of chronic diseases with blood glucose imbalance, and long-term hyperglycaemia causes sustained damage to various organs of the body, resulting in vascular lesions, neuropathy and impaired wound healing. Diabetic wound formation involves a variety of complex mechanisms, and they are characterized by a persistent chronic inflammatory response, degradation of angiogenesis and imbalance of extracellular matrix regulation, all of which are related to oxidative stress. Additionally, repair and healing of diabetic wounds require the participation of a variety of cells, cytokines, genes, and other factors, which together constitute a complex biological regulatory network. Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be involved in the regulation of several key biological pathways and cellular functions demonstrating their critical role in diabetic wound healing. LncRNAs are a major family of RNAs with limited or no protein-coding function. Numerous studies have recently reported a strong link between oxidative stress and lncRNAs. Given that both lncRNAs and oxidative stress have been identified as potential drivers of diabetic wound healing, their link in diabetic wound healing can be inferred. However, the specific mechanism of oxidative stress related to lncRNAs in diabetic wound healing is still unclear, and elucidating the functions of lncRNAs in these processes remains a major challenge. This article reviews the mechanisms of lncRNAs related to oxidative stress in several stages of diabetic wound healing and discusses diagnostic and treatment potential of lncRNAs to treat diabetic wounds by improving oxidative stress, as well as the challenges of using lncRNAs for this purpose. It is hoped that these results will provide new targets and strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of impaired wound healing in diabetic patients.

Background Breast cancer is a common malignancy with the highest mortality rate among women worldwide. The Forkhead Box (FOX) transcription factor family is an evolutionarily conserved superfamily that regulates cell growth, differentiation, and tissue development. Increasing evidence suggests that FOX transcription factors play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. However, little is known about the relationship between the expression, prognostic value, function and immune infiltration of FOX transcription factors in tumor microenvironment.Methods In this research, we studied the expression, prognostic value, gene alteration, functional enrichment and immune cell infiltration of FOX factor in breast cancer patients by using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, String, GeneMANIA, DAVID, TIMER, Cytoscape(version3.9.1)and R software (version 3.6.3).Results The expression levels of FOXA1 and FOXM1 were significantly higher in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues, while the expression levels of FOXC2 and FOXO3 were lower in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues. The high expression of mRNA in FOXA1, FOXM1 and FOXP1 groups was related to tumor stage. Survival analysis results showed that increased FOXP1 mRNA levels were significantly associated with overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in all breast cancer patients (p < 0.05). Patients with the FOXA1 high-expression group had better RFS and DMFS than the low-expression group (p < 0.05), while patients with FOXM1 high-expression group had worse RFS, OS and DMFS than the low-expression group (p < 0.05). FOXP1, FOXA1 and FOXM1 can be used as potential biomarkers to predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Functional enrichment indicated that FOX was mainly involved in cell division, cell senescence, cell cycle and prolactin signaling pathway. In addition, FOX mRNA expression was strongly associated with the infiltration of multiple immune cells, including six types of B cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in breast cancer.Conclusion These findings may provide novel insights into the screening of prognostic biomarkers of the FOX family in breast cancer, and lays a foundation for further research on the immune infiltration of the FOX transcription factor family members in tumors.