The treatment of metal-contaminated sediment generated in environmental dredging projects often requires both reduction and remediation, and the electric field has good application prospects in the integration of reduction and remediation. In this study, based on the electro-osmosis, vacuum, and vacuum electro-osmosis methods, a detachable test system was made. Experiments of the three methods were carried out independently on the reduction and remediation of dredged sediment from Tai Lake under pollution-free and Cu-contaminated conditions. The results show that copper contamination weakens the effect of reduction, and the production of copper precipitates makes the soil more prone to cracking and blocking drainage channels, which has the greatest impact on the electro-osmosis method. In terms of copper concentration, vacuum electro-osmosis achieves the transport and discharge of contaminants, and has the best remediation effect. The removal rates at the anode and cathode are 45.1% and 50.0%, respectively. A correlation model based on electrical conductivity, moisture content, and contaminant concentration was established to facilitate the determination of contaminant concentrations in actual projects. Electro-migration plays a dominant role in the remediation process, and the reduction affects the electric field distribution and, thus, the migration efficiency.