Vehicular adhoc network (VANET) has a significant potential in reducing traffic congestion to provide a stress-free and safer platform for road drivers to travel on the road. However, the current VANET is vulnerable to several challenges which need to be overcome. Congestion control is considered as one of the main challenges in VANET due to the high dynamic topology characteristic. Reliable congestion control (CC) are necessary to provide effectient dissemination of time-critical safety messages in VANET applications; safety and non-safety applications. In this paper, we present the overview on VANET, its application and challenges. We also discuss on the congestion control and provide a brief survey on the congestion control algorithms such as vehicular cloud computing, multiplicative rate decreasing algorithm, multi-objective Tabu search, D-FPAV algorithm and beaconing strategies which have been proposed in order to provide better solutions towards achieving a successful Smart Tranporation System.

Gracilaria species are red marine macroalgae that are found abundantly in Malaysia. Gracilaria changii from Morib, Selangor, G. manilaensis and Gracilaria sp. from Gelang Patah, Johor were used in this study. Five compounds were successfully isolated and identified as hexadecanoic acid (1), cholest-5-en-3-ol (2), 2-hydroxymyristic acid (3), cholesteryl myristate (4) and 1-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2”,4”,6”-trihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanone (5) based on spectral data analysis (IR, UV, GC-MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HMQC and HMBC). All compounds isolated were tested for cytotoxicity (MTT assay for HL-60 and MCF-7 cell lines), and antibacterial (disc diffusion method), antioxidant (DPPH free radical scavenging assay and xanthine oxidase inhibitory assay) and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory (AChE) activity (TLC bioautographic method). Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited strong cytotoxic activity against HL-60 and MCF-7 cell lines. Compound 5 showed high antioxidant activity in both the DPPH free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibition assays. Compound 1 showed positive activity for AChE inhibitory with a minimum inhibition dose of 0.625 μg sample. All compounds demonstrated antibacterial activity producing 8 to 14 mm inhibition zones. A positive control was applied to all bioassays and experiments were performed with three replicates. Results demonstrated that three edible red seaweeds are rich sources of bioactive compounds with potential application for pharmaceutical purposes.

We consider the issue of designing a transport layer protocol for energy efficient congestion control and reliable data transfer in wireless body sensor network. The proposed protocol focuses on efficient management of queue to provide reliability and reduce packet loss. This protocol achieves energy efficiency to a greater extent by reducing packet loss. The protocol achieved greater throughput by ensuring reliability in the network. It is capable of supporting multiple applications in the same network by introducing unique packet sequence number. We present the design and implementation of the protocol and evaluate the protocol with different scenarios and network characteristics.

IoT create an ecosystem that can be useful to the world with its various services. That make the security of IoT is more important. This paper presents a proposed technique to secure data transaction from IoT device to other node using cryptography technique. AES cryptography and IoT device model ESP8266 is used as a client to send data to a server via HTTP protocol. Security performance matrices used eavesdropping attack with Wireshark sniffing and brute-force attack. will be simulated to the proposed method in order to ensure if there is any possibility it can be cracked using those attacks and to evaluate the performance of ESP8266, several experiments were be conducted. Result gather from this experiment was evaluated based on processing time to see the effectiveness of the platform compare to different data size used while adapting this technique.

Abstract. Traffic accidents are one of the major causes of fatality in developing countries. The aim of the study is to reconstruct accident scenes by using UAV photogrammetry. The methodology of this study is organised into four main phases which consist of preliminary work, flight planning, 3D model processing and analysis of the results. The 3D model was successfully generated by using Point of Interest (POI) flight planning. The 3D model showed that the results of the process produced good 3D texture where the two vehicles had good shapes and could be seen clearly from an oblique view. In addition, the effect of the tyres on the road could also be seen clearly and had good shape which were generated accurately. The accuracy values obtained from the POI technique and waypoint technique were 0.059m and 0.043m, respectively. Due to the availability of UAVs in the market at reasonable costs, photogrammetry offers the best alternative technique to other methods that have been used to reconstruct the accident scene.