No abstract

Elevated temperature is one of the major production constraints of Indian mustard. The present study was aimed to estimate variations in phenology, yield attributes and seed yield under elevated temperature (ET) in temperature gradient tunnels (TGT) and open field for heat tolerance. Fourteen genotypes consisting of introgression lines and the mustard varieties were sown in TGT and open field for two consecutive winter seasons (2017-2019).The phenophases were shortened due to elevated temperature in TGT as compared to control except physiological maturity which was trailed by 17-18 days during both the years. Temperature affect was most severe on siliqua formation and seed filling. Among growth parameters only length of main shoot suffered reduction whereas yield contributing parameters like siliqua on main shoot, siliquae plant-1, seeds siliqua-1 and 1000 seed weight along with biomass, seed yield and  harvest index suffered significant decline in TGT. Average temperature had positive correlation with all phenological parameters except flowering completion, growth parameters except number of primary and secondary branches while yield attributes only with 1000 seed weight, biomass and seed yield under TGT. Interestingly, number of primary branches had significant negative correlation with average temperature under both control (r=-0.59*) and TGT (-0.61*). Phenological traits had strong relationship with seed yield under TGT. However, seed yield had strong relationship with growth parameters, yield attributes under control except for number of primary branches. Biomass had strong relationship with seed yield under both TGT (R2= 0.51) and control (R2= 0.43). Two years testing revealed introgression lines (JA24 and JA53) and varieties (JD6 and Giriraj) tolerant to heat stress.

Diet drinks (DDs) are calorie-free and low-calorie drinks, which do not include 100% fruit juices and other unsweetened beverages (Harris et al., 2011). Diet beverages, often known as health drinks and marketed as diet refreshments since 1952, are quickly becoming an important part of partying subculture among all age groups with the help of appealing advertisements. There is an increased hike in the demand for diet (health) drinks in recent years, owing to increased awareness, socioeconomic status, and nutritional lifestyle changes, among other factors (Kaur et al., 2018). Because of changing trends toward a healthier lifestyle and the availability of disease-specific products, numerous new brands of low sugar or sugar-free diet beverages have been introduced for persons with diabetes, and other health-conscious people. The DDs unique ability to provide sweet flavor without calories is employed as a beneficial weight-loss dietary strategy. Low-calorie sports drinks are becoming increasingly popular, appealing to a wide range of customer tastes and appearing to be healthier than soft drinks at a reasonable price (Kumar &