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This chapter discusses the thermotolerant agriculturally important microorganisms, which play a pivotal role in improving crop performance under thermal stress conditions and diminish the effect of heat stresses on plants through production of exopolysaccharates and biofilm formation. These beneficial microorganisms include plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, rhizosphere-competent fungi of the genus Trichoderma and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi.

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by absence or dysfunctional CD18 on the surface of leukocytes due to a mutation in ITGB2 gene. The hallmarks of LAD are defects in leukocyte adhesion and marked leukocytosis. It is characterized by recurrent bacterial infections of the skin and mucosal membrane. Here, we report clinical and flow cytometric immunophenotyping of a baby diagnosed with LAD Type 1.

Various studies have demonstrated that acidic and low pH (less or equal to 5.5) mouthwashes can cause dental demineralization, erosion and significant loss of enamel within the first few minutes of contact with such acidic solution. 1 The erosive potential depends on low pH and ABSTRACT Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the endogenous pH, titratable acidity of mouthwashes available in the Indian market. Methods: The study sample was composed of 11 commercial brands of mouthwashes based on different active ingredients. The experiments were performed in triplicate. The endogenous pH was evaluated by using a digital pH meter; titratable acidity was evaluated by the addition of 0.1N NaOH increments to the mouthwashes. Results: pH values ranged from 4.01(CODE K mouth wash containing Terminalia chebula) to 6.58 (CODE E mouthwash containing Diclofenac), and total of six mouthwashes had pH less than the critical value of 5.5, thus classified as potentially erosive. Titratable acidity values ranged from 0.2 (CODE H-Chlorhexidine Gluconate) to 1.2 (CODE I-Thymol, Eucalyptol). Conclusions: Some of the mouthwashes evaluated in this study presented low endogenous pH, even below the critical value for enamel dissolution (pH<5.5), high titratable acidity which may be potentially erosive to the dental tissues if not properly used.

Background: According to Acharya Charaka nose is the gateway of head. Diseases related with upper respiratory passage affect the Prana Vata, Tarpaka Kapha, Sadhaka Pitta and Majja Dhatu. Allergic rhinitis is the most common disease of upper respiratory passage for visit to outpatient department. Prevalence of allergic rhinitis ranges from 20 to 30% in Indian population. It is an IgE-mediated immunologic response of nasal mucosa to airborne allergens and is characterized by watery nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, sneezing and itching in the nose. In Ayurveda allergic rhinitis has a high resemblance with Dushta Pratishyaya, which comes under Nasagataroga. It is described in Brihattrayee as well as Laghutrayee. Acharya Sushruta has given detailed description of DushtaPratishyaya. Aim & Objectives: To study the effect of Vamana Karma and Nardiya Laxmivilasa Rasa in the management of Dushta Pratishyaya and to find out an effective Ayuvedic management for Dushta Pratishyaya (Allergic Rhinitis). Material and Methods: The present case study is upon a 40 years old (male patient) diagnosed case of Dushta Pratishyaya with complaints of recurrent episodes of sneezing, watery nasal discharge, coughing specially at night time, throat irritation and sometimes pain in trunk region since last 2 years, at the Kayachikitsa OPD of Pt. Khushilal Sharma Govt. Ayurvedic Hospital Bhopal. The patient was treated with Vamana Karma followed by Naradiya Laxmivilasa Rasa. Duration of study is 46 Days and follow up, every 15 days for 2 months. Assessment was done on the basis of symptomatic relief after treatment. Observation: Vamana Karma and Naradiya Laxmivilasa Rasa yielded symptomatic relief after treatment. The overall effect of the treatment in patient suggested that, there is 86.66% relief in patient. Conclusion: On the basis of result obtained, it can be concluded that Vamana Karma and Naradiya Laxmivilasa Rasa can be used as an effective treatment in the management of Dushta Pratishyaya (allergic rhinitis).