BACKGROUND Nerve conduction velocity study is a tool to assess the functional status of the sensory as well as motor nerves under physiological and pathological background. This study is done in association with the department of neurology where most of the cases were due to neuropathy caused by diabetes mellitus. METHODS The present study is a prospective study. It includes 40 patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus of less than 2 years duration. These patients include both men and women in the age group of 45 to 55 years. Nerve conduction velocity study test is performed on them with the help of electromyogram. RESULTS According to this study, the nerve conduction velocity tests show abnormal nerve conduction in the motor nerves than in the sensory nerves. It also shows that neuropathy with decreased nerve conduction velocity is observed in the lower limbs frequently. CONCLUSIONS Nerve conduction velocity test is a simple and non-invasive test to diagnose neuropathy. It is useful in the prevention, detection and management of neuropathies.