Thoracic spondylosis, better termed 'degenerative thoracic spine disease', is rare and failure to recognize it is mainly due to its rarity and to the complexity of symptomatology which can lead to prolonged and continued morbidity. During the past 4 years, the authors have treated 28 patients with thoracic spine degeneration with varied clinical manifestations, ranging from local pain, radiculopathy to radiculomyelopathy. In six patients, myelopathy developed gradually, four showing features of pseudoclaudication. Two had an acute onset of myelopathy after minor trauma. Radiological examination, including CT scans in a few patients, demonstrated face tal hypertrophy, ossification of the ligamentum flavum and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. One patient had posterior osteophytosis of thoracic spine at multiple level. Surgical decompression for localised stenosis yields good results, but the prognosis for those with diffuse or segmental stenosis is guarded.

Introduction: Small bowel volvulus is a rare occurrence in the Western world and its occurrence after ileo-anal ouch formation is even rarer.

Less than one-third of laparotomies were performed on the emergency list, suggesting underutilisation. The seniority of the surgeon and the level of supervision were similar at both sites. Neither morning nor afternoon proved better in terms of service provision or training opportunities. By accommodating laparotomies onto an elective list DGH A reduced the number of laparotomies performed in the evening.

As part of their surgical teaching block, most medical students find that they have the opportunity to go to the operating theatre to assist or watch various surgical procedures. This can be a rewarding setting in which to learn about surgical and perioperative care, but many students do not take full advantage of the educational opportunities available and are often uneasy about being in a different environment within the hospital. However, with the right approach and a few useful tips, you can maximize your precious time spent here, and get to see and do more. This article gives a guide to making the most of your theatre time.