Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important legume and oilseed crop as its seed contains 44-56% oil and 22-30% protein on a dry seed basis. The present research work was conducted on 18 genotypes of groundnut including checks during kharif, 2018 at the research farm of Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand. The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of genotypes under rainfed condition in the field through morphological and physiological traits. The genotypes were sown in randomized block design with three replications in field and were statistically analyzed. The analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences among all the characters under study in rainfed condition suggesting high degree of variability among the genotypes grown. The GCV and PCV was recorded high for the characters such as kernel yield per plant, root weight per plot, pod yield per plant and proline content. Moderate GCV and PCV were observed for pod yield per plot, kernel yield per plot, SLA, SLW and harvest index. In this experiment, the characters which showed high heritability along with high genetic advance are kernel yield per plot, pod yield per plot, root weight, shoot weight, specific leaf area and proline content. Therefore these, traits might be useful in breeding and selection programme for further improvement of groundnut pod yield in the areas of Jharkhand state.