The Corona pandemic, brought about by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is pronounced international public health crisis with shocking health impacts. The Covid-19 disease has created the symptoms misdiagnosis complicacy in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, that are dengue endemic regions too to the population. The dengue is cause by dengue virus (DENV). Initially, there is similarity in the sign and symptoms of patients with Covid-19 and dengue, namely fever, headache, myalgia associated with thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and abnormal liver function tests. The similarity in clinical symptoms in Covid-19 and dengue fever has to raise the issue of co-infection and symptoms misleading. In addition, co-infection followed by cross-reactivity between antibodies against DENV and SARS-CoV-2 serology tests has been recorded in reports. Furthermore, cross-reactivity of the immune reaction in these infections is an emerging issue, Covid-19 through counteracting agent subordinate upgrade as pre-existing DENV-antibodies may possibly influence Covid-19 through antibody-dependent enhancement. Some studies have proposed that Covid-19 disease and transmission might be slower in dengue-endemic locales of the world. This review deals with the concern of misdiagnosis challenges due to Covid-19 and dengue fever, co-infection, cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and DENV antibodies. Simultaneous pandemics of dengue and Covid-19, just as the chance of co-contamination, add to the generally significant burden on healthcare services.

Although the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus is expected to circulate as a seasonal virus for some years after the pandemic period, its behaviour cannot be predicted. We analyzed a prospective cohort study of hospitalized (admitted) patients with influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pneumonia in MBS hospital in Kota to compare the epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pneumonia between the pandemic period and post-pandemic influenza season (Jan 2011 to Jan 2014). A total of 364 patients were included: 340 during the pandemic period and 34 during the post-pandemic influenza season .Patients during the postpandemic period were older and more likely to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes than the others. Septic shock, altered mental status and respiratory failure on arrival at hospital were significantly more common during the post-pandemic period. In addition, length of stay was longer, and need for mechanical ventilation and intensive-care unit admission were significantly higher during the post-pandemic period. In-hospital mortality (29.41%) in post pandemic period was higher than pandemic period (7.94%) was also greater during this period. In conclusion, significant epidemiological changes and an increased severity of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pneumonia were found in the post-pandemic influenza season. Physicians should consider influenza A (H1N1) 2009 when selecting microbiological testing and treatment in patients with pneumonia in the upcoming influenza season.