Climate change has much impact on regular drought and flood conditions of India, in result it influence agriculture. Agriculture is major means of livelihood and nearly 80 per cent of rural population of India depend on it.  But this profession is not being sustainable for the livelihood because of regular flood and drought situation which results in migration of rural youth. Some main causes of migration of the rural youth to the urban areas are lack of economic incentives coupled with other factors like less opportunities for employment and lack of infrastructure for education. Human population can migrate as both interstate as well as intrastate for establishing a new permanent or semi- permanent residence. During 2001 census the total number of migrants was 314 million by the last residence. Out of which 85% of the migration was intrastate. While 13% of migration was residences interstate. About 20 million people had migrated from rural areas to urban areas.

As farmers have started to grow millets in recent times, farming is taking a slow drift towards progression. Past studies justifies this with various reasons viz., reduced water table, labour shortage, progressive market for millets and so on. Is it really because of this reason farming is taking a drift or is it because of farmers themselves. To understand this, the current study was conducted in Vellore and Tiruvannamalai districts where millet is being extensively cultivated. A 3-point Likert Summated Scale containing pre-tested statements was developed and used to measure the perceived factors favouring millet farming in the current scenario. The total sample size was 120 and most of respondents belonged to small and marginal farming category. The results revealed that, 85.00 percent of the respondents’ in Tiruvannamalai district and 80.00 percent of the respondents in Vellore district agreed towards, supportive role of millets in marginal farmer’s life followed by 55.00 percent of the respondents in Tiruvannamalai and 70.00 percent of the respondents in Vellore agreeing to lack of awareness on environmental sustainability and nutritional health benefits of millets. Factors that have contributed towards favourable attitude towards millet farming were use of communication tools & participation in trainings for information utilization and utilization of media sources to gain knowledge over cultivation and market  trends.

This study is to analyze information sources and information needs of women farmers of Banka and Bhagalpur district of Bihar. The research was undertaken for assessment of information needed for young farm women of age group of 18-35 years with respect to kharif paddy cultivation. Useful Information is the pivotal for successful kharif paddy cultivation. In the study area young farm women contribute immensely in kharif paddy cultivation.  Information helps in creating awareness about technologies and mobilize people to use them. It also helps in training people, organizing community and ultimately resulting in the development of the whole nation. Result of the study illustrated that farm women need more information about selling of product, pest control, nursery raising and disease management. The study also revealed that the most preferred source of information was personal localite i.e. Husband, Friend, Relatives and Neighbors and agri-input dealers.

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Mobile phones become an omnipotent device in human interface and interpersonal communication and itself become a paramount tool for grassroots agricultural extension linkage. It was investigated to extrapolate smallholder farmers' perception of Mobile Phone Advisory Potential in Farming. Data were collected from 120 (one hundred twenty) farmers and it was found most of the farmers were middle age group (50%), education level up to Secondary level (35.84%) and annual income INR 3 to 4 lakhs (33%). The respondent's perception on Mobile Phone Advisory Potential in farming was, prospective tools to reach the unreached; any time retrieval of the message; better decision-makers; message relevance in sustainable mobile advisory usage; and high mobility to users. Farmer's decision making in farming is positively and significantly correlated with information access level (0.458**) social esteem and upscaling of mobile advisory usage (0.318*) and better information sharing and feedback (0.304*). Result also revealed that 54.17 per cent of farmers possessed a smartphone and use WhatsApp. Bihar Krishi Application (45%) and Social media youtube (48.33%) are getting popularity among the farming community in decision making. From the study it can be concluded that more agricultural related information should be made available in social media, agricultural information available in social media should be more localised and customised. Grassroots extension functionaries, viz. agri-input dealers and progressive farmers should be trained to used more ICT tools in general and smartphone in particular.