Because of the paucity of studies and inconsistencies regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on semen quality, this disease is seldom looked for in infertile patients. This brief review shows the main sperm parameters in patients with DM and presents the mechanisms hypothesized to explain the changes observed in these patients. Various mechanisms may explain the sperm damage observed in patients with DM. The objective of this cross sectional study was to assess the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) type2 on pituitary gland hormones (FSH and LH) men. This study comprised a total of (35) subjects out of which (25) were normal. Fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, LH, FSH, TT, E2 and prolactin were measured in blood samples. The results obtained indicated a significant reduction of serum LH, FSH and TT in men with DM comparison to non-diabetics, also there were significant increase in prolactin and E2 in diabetic patients comparison to non-diabetics. The results of semen analysis (PH, sperm count, sperm motility and sperm morphology) for study groups w significantly decreased in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic

Ivermectin (IVM) is a lipophilic anthelmintic drug widely used for the control of internal and external parasites in both human and veterinary medicin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different dose of Ivermectin (IVM) on the Cortisol hormones (functionally and histologically) of twenty four of mature female rabbits in basrah. Animals were randomly divided into four groups (six for each). The first group was left without treatment (control group), second, third and fourth group treated weekly by injection s/c ivermectin for 8 week at dose (0.5mg, 1mg and 2 mg / kg.bw ) respectly .Results conducted to increase significant in cortisol concentration in fourth group ,while the first and second and third group did not affected when compared with fourth group or within them .The histopathological changes as a results of ivermectin treatment in adrenal there is representive by vacuolation of zona glomerulosa and zona fasculata in group fourth and less effect in other treatment. We concluded high dose of ivermectin and prolong period may affected on adrenal gland function.