Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dental caries, dental anxiety, and salivary cortisol levels in children visiting pediatric dental clinics and their implications on pediatric oral health. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a dental university in the UAE. A total of 60 children, aged 4-12 years, were included. Salivary cortisol levels were measured using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Dental caries status was evaluated, and dental anxiety levels were assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). Statistical analyses, including Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's correlation coefficient, were performed to determine significant differences and associations. Results: The study group showed significantly higher salivary cortisol levels compared to the control group (p<0.0001). A strong positive correlation was found between salivary cortisol levels and dental caries status (p<0.001). However, no significant difference in dental anxiety levels was observed between the study and control groups (p=0.85). A strong positive correlation was found between dental anxiety levels and dental caries status (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings indicate a significant association between salivary cortisol levels and dental caries, suggesting that higher cortisol levels are associated with active caries. Dental anxiety levels were positively correlated with dental caries. Understanding the relationship between these variables can contribute to better oral health strategies and interventions for children, emphasizing the importance of managing dental anxiety and stress in pediatric dental care. Clinical Significance: This study highlights the potential of salivary cortisol as a biomarker for assessing stress and its impact on oral health in children. By addressing dental anxiety and stress, dental professionals can provide child-friendly dental care, enhance preventive measures, and improve oral health outcomes in pediatric patients.

Silver is observed to be comprised of a huge percentage of silver oxide and the utilization of silver and silver salts is in practice since ancient human civilization. Silver nanoparticles remain to be potential antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral agents. Further, it is demonstrated that silver nanoparticles have been involved in arresting the growth of several bacterial species thereby reducing their harmful effects. Micro-organisms are being utilized as eco-friendly nanofactories for the synthesis and bio-production of various nano-metersized compounds. Metals and micro-organisms are collaborative. Concurrently, micro-organisms are also capable of extracting or accumulating metals. The study suggested an eco-friendly approach for the extracellular synthesis of AgNP using soil-derived actinomyces followed by tracing its efficacy against bacteria. The characteristic of AgNP is the UV-Visible with also the FTIR method. Synthesized nanoparticles are screened for Streptomyces antibacterial activity by cross streak method followed by PCR analysis. The particle size distribution per intensity is estimated by the Dynamic Light scattering method. The study also predicted that the hydrodynamic diameter of the particles increases with the increase in the repetition rate. The microbial synthesized AgNP has been observed to possess high toxicity to bacteria with a greater antimicrobial property.