Endodontic treatment in primary teeth can be challenging and time consuming, especially during canal preparation, which is considered one of the most important steps in root canal therapy. The conventional instrumentation technique for primary teeth remains the "gold-standard" over hand instrumentation, which makes procedures much more time consuming and adversely affects both clinicians and patients. Recently nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary files have been developed for use in pediatric endodontics. Using rotary instruments for primary tooth pulpectomies is cost effective and results in fills that are consistently uniform and predictable. This article reviews the use of nickel-titanium rotary files as root canal instrumentation in primary teeth. The pulpectomy technique is described here according to different authors and the advantages and disadvantages of using rotary files are discussed.

A deciduous tooth affected by dental caries involving the pulp tissue with subsequent periradicular pathosis at times makes the conventional endodontic procedures a dilemma for a variety of reasons. In this situation, lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR) stands out as the only option by which dentists could increase the longevity of the deciduous teeth of a young child. This therapy aims to eliminate bacteria from the root canals by sterilizing the lesion and promoting tissue repair and regeneration by the host’s natural tissue responses. This article reviews the rationale, indications, contraindications and the procedure in detail.How to cite this article: Sain S, Reshmi J, Anandaraj S, George S, Issac JS, John SA. Lesion Sterilization and Tissue Repair-Current Concepts and Practices, Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2018;11(5):446-450.

Trauma to the anterior teeth is relatively common in young children and teenagers. Traumatized anterior teeth require quick functional and aesthetic repair, and poses a challenge to the dental practitioner owing to the lack of co-operation ceded and the longer time invested. Reattachment of tooth fragment should be the first choice to restoring teeth when a usable fragment is available, since it gives a psychological and aesthetic advantage over the conventional technique. With the vast improvement in adhesive technology, reattachment is definitely a predictable treatment option for very young children. This paper describes the treatment of a 2½ year old female child who sustained crown-root fracture, extending subgingivally, in primary upper central incisor.

A bstract Aim and objective To evaluate the association between oral stereognosis with malocclusion in children. Materials and methods Stereognostic investigation was made with a set of seven different geometric configurations (circle, square, triangle, star, clover, diamond, and heart shapes) cut out from fresh, raw carrots using preformed iron molds. Any five of the seven geometric forms were randomly placed inside the mouth on the dorsum of the tongue by the investigator with the subject's eyes closed. A minimum of three shapes correctly identified out of the five offered to each child was considered as an indicator of the adequate stereognostic ability of that particular child. Results Among the children under Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs (IOTN) grade I group, 82.4% of children came under the positive response group. Among IOTN grades II, III, and IV, the percentages of children with positive responses were 72.1%, 58.1%, and 18.8%, respectively. There is a statistically significant ( p < 0.001) decrease in positive response with increasing IOTN grades. Conclusion The observations from the present study show that there is altered oral sensory perception in children graded as with malocclusion according to the index used and belonging to the age group selected in the study. Clinical significance Sensory and motor components of the orofacial region, like any other part of the human body, are inseparable in their structure and function, the association between orofacial growth and development and sensory maturation cannot be overlooked. How to cite this article Janardhanan R, Soman A, George S, et al. Evaluation of the Association of Oral Stereognosis with Malocclusion in Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-1):S18–S21.

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