The research was conducted to evaluate the effects of road side dust pollution on fruit trees of Miyyaghundi (Quetta) and Ghanjdori (Mastung), Pakistan. The data were collected from the two orchards near the road where the road construction was in process. The effect of road side dust was observed on the leaves of trees growing at the edges of orchards as compare to those trees growing in the center of orchards. The highest percentage of dust was observed on the leaves of Pyrus malus L. (apple) which was (1.05 g) grown at the edges of an orchard compared to those leaves growing in the center of an orchard. The lowest dust (0.08 g) was observed on the leaves of Prunus domestica L. (plum) that were away from the road. Closure of stomata was observed highly affecting the trees grown at the edges of orchards compared to the central ones. The highest mean for closed stomata was (419.3) recorded in P. malus, grown at the edges of an orchard and the lowest mean (75) was recorded in P. domestica. The fruit production was also observed, the highest mean was recorded in Apple (pyrus malus L.) before road construction in central trees of Miyyaghundi which was (200 kg). The lowest mean for fruit production was recorded in Apple (pyrus malus L.) trees grown at the edges of an orchard that was (15 kg).

Rosmarinus officinalis is a medicinal plant which belongs to family Lamiaceae. It is an evergreen bush. It was analyzed for its phytochemical constitution and antibacterial activity. For this purpose flowers, leaves and stem of aqueous and methanolic extracts were used. The tests of phytochemical screening showed that flavonoids, terpenoids, reducing sugar and saponins were present in different concentrations, while tannin was absent in all parts of plant. The antibacterial activity was determined against E. coli with different concentrations (i-e 0.5gm, 1gm and 1.5gm) kept for 24 hours and 48 hours duration. The results showed that the highest mean inhibition zone was observed in the methanolic extracts of leaves 1.5gm kept for 48 hours (28.6 ± 4.261mm).In the stem the methanolic extracts showed the highest inhibition zone with the concentration of 1.5gm (13.4 ± 1.624mm) kept for 24 hours. In the flower the highest inhibition zone in methanolic extracts was observed in 1gm (25.4 ± 2.416mm) kept for 48 hours. In the aqueous extracts the highest inhibition zone values were (17.6 ± 4.029mm, 15.8 ± 2.993mm, 14.4 ± 2.33mm) for stem, flower and leaves respectively.

Aqueous extract of leaves, bark and seeds of Meliaazedarach.L and Thujaorientalis L. were assayed at 1, 5 and 10g/L concentration with different time period to check their effect on seed germination, fresh and dry weight and seedling growth of Pennesitiumamericanum L. Result revealed that aqueous extracts of both plants at all concentration and time period had significantly inhibited seed germination ofP.ammericanum L. when compared with control. The inhibitory effect increases with increasing concentration of extracts and time period. The bark extract of all concentration of T.orientalis in 24hr and 48hrs show stimulation in seedling growth while other parts and extracts of all parts of M.azedarachin all concentration and time period show inhibition in all parameters. The order of inhibition when compared different parts of M.azedarch was seeds >bark > leaves while that of T.orientalis was leaves > bark >seeds. Hence it is concluded that aqueous extract of these plant contain water soluble allelochemicals which inhibit the seed germination and seedling growth of P. americanum L. It is suggested that these chemicals may be used as herbicides.