Our results suggested that unilateral PKP was a safe and reliable treatment for OVCFs with IVC. However, the IVC group had higher incidence of bone cement leakage during surgery and more severe KA rebound during the follow-up period. Therefore, to reduce the incidence of bone cement leakage, it is very important to evaluate the pre-operative imaging and inject the cement carefully and repetitiously. When cement leakages are found, injection should be stopped immediately. Longer rehabilitation interventions such as wearing suitable brace, doing exercise to strengthen low-back muscle, and replacing bending with squatting in ordinary living are essential to prevent KA rebound in patients with OVCFs with IVC. However, extended follow-up may be necessary for patients with OVCFs with IVC.

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Aims Myocardial fibrosis is associated with clinical ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VTA) events in patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Subepicardial or mid-wall ring-like late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) has received increasing attention in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between ring-like LGE and VTAs in DCM. Methods and results Patients diagnosed with non-ischaemic DCM who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance with LGE imaging at baseline were investigated. The composite outcome was the occurrence of VTAs defined as sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation/flutter, aborted sudden cardiac death (SCD), SCD, and appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator intervention. The final cohort comprised 157 patients, including 36 (22.9%) in no LGE group, 48 (30.6%) in focal LGE group, 40 (25.5%) in multi-focal LGE group, and 33 (21%) in ring-like LGE group. Ring-like LGE group patients were younger compared to focal and multi-focal LGE group (P < 0.001) with higher left ventricular ejection fraction (33.0% vs. 24.4% vs. 22.1%, P < 0.001). After a median of 13 ± 7 months follow-up, compared to patients with no LGE, the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for VTAs were 2.90 (0.56–15.06), 5.55 (1.21–25.44), and 11.75 (2.66–51.92) for patients with focal LGE, multi-focal LGE, and ring-like LGE, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, ring-like LGE group remained associated with increased risk of VTAs (adjusted HR 10.00, 95% CI 1.54–64.98; P = 0.016) independent of the global LGE burden Conclusion The ring-like pattern of LGE is independently associated with an increased risk of VTAs in patients with non-ischaemic DCM.