The novel free base meso-di(5'-methylthien-2'-yl)thiaindaphyrin, 10, was prepared from the corresponding meso-tetra(thien-2-yl)porphyrin using a methodology analogous to that for the preparation of known meso-diphenylindaphyrin, 5: beta,beta'-Dihydroxylation of the porphyrin is followed by oxidative diol cleavage. The resulting aldehyde moieties undergo an acid-catalyzed intramolecular Friedel-Crafts alkylation of the adjacent meso-thienyl groups with concomitant oxidation. Insertion of Pt(II) into either of the chromophores is facile, producing 5Pt and 10Pt. The crystal structure of 5Pt, the first for any indaphyrin, shows that the conformation of the indaphyrinato ligand is strongly ruffled, while the N(4) donor set that coordinates the central Pt(II) maintains a near-perfect square-planar coordination geometry around the central metal ion (crystal data for C(44)H(24)N(4)O(2)Pt: triclinic space group P1 with a = 8.8735(4) A, b = 12.9285(6) A, c = 14.3297(6) A, alpha = 88.785(1) degrees, beta = 82.248(1) degrees, gamma = 72.422(1) degrees; Z = 2). The UV-vis and emission spectra, triplet yields, and lifetimes of the Pt(II) complexes 5Pt and 10Pt were determined. Both complexes luminesce (in EtOH at 77 K) in the NIR (5Pt: lambda(max-emission) = 864, 974 nm, lifetime 2 micros; 10Pt: lambda(max-emission) = 990, 1112, 1276 nm) with modest to low quantum yields (Phi(p) approximately 1% and approximately 6 x 10(-3) %, respectively).

Spherical gravitational collapse towards a black hole with non-zero tangential pressure is studied. Exact solutions corresponding to different equations of state are given. We find that when taking the tangential pressure into account, the exact solutions have three qualitatively different outcomes. For positive tangential pressure, the shell around a black hole may eventually collapse onto the black hole, or expand to infinity, or have a static but unstable solution, depending on the combination of black hole mass, mass of the shell and the pressure parameter. For vanishing or negative pressure, the shell will collapse onto the black hole. For all eventually collapsing solutions, the shell will cross the event horizon, instead of accumulating outside theeventhorizon, even if clocked by a distant stationary observer.

Beckmann rearrangement of ketoxime catalyzed by acidic ionic liquid-N-methyl-imidazolium hydrosulfate was studied. Rearrangement of benzophenone oxime gave the desirable product with 45% yield at 90 °C. When co-catalyst P2O5 was added, the yield could be improved to 91%. The catalyst could be reused three cycles with the same efficiency. Finally, reactions of other ketoximes were also investigated.