Wang (2019) Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomal miR-323-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cumulus cells in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Artificial Cells,

The chitosan encapsulation with bioactive compounds (resveratrol) is a significant method that can be used to raise the stability and effectiveness of substances in gestational diabetes management. In this study, the resveratrol–zinc oxide complex is encapsulated with chitosan (CS–ZnO–RS). The synthesized CS–ZnO–RS could be used to deliver the resveratrol with minimized side effects and also improved bioavailability. CS–ZnO–RS were characterized by various techniques such as particle size analyzer, DSC, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, and AFM. The electron microscopic and particle analyzer confirmed that the synthesized CS–ZnO–RS were monodispersed, spherical and its average size was 38 nm. The drug-releasing profile showed that 95% of RS is released from CS–ZnO–RS within 24 h. In vitro studies confirmed that α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities were closely related to the concentration of CS–ZnO–RS. The highest inhibition of α-glucosidase (77.32%) and α-amylase (78.4%) was observed at 500 μg/mL. Furthermore, the treatment of CS–ZnO–RS significantly decreased the blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes mellitus induced rats and maintained the lipid content toward the normal rats. In addition, the CS–ZnO–RS reduced the level of inflammation factors (IL-6 and MCP-1) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP78, p-IRE1α, p-eIF2α, and p-PERK).

Recently, we have been seeing emerging applications of non-invasive approaches using serum biomarkers including miRnA and proteins in detection of multiple cancers. currently, majority of these methods only use solitary type of biomarkers, which often lead to non-satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in clinical applications. To this end, we established a unique biomarker panel in this study, which determined both squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC Ag) degree and miRNA-29a, miRNA-25, miRNA-486-5p levels in blood for detection of early-stage cervical cancer. We designed our study with two phases: a biomarker discovery phase, followed by an independent validation phase. in total of 140 early-stage cervical cancer patients (i.e., AJCC stage I and II) and 140 healthy controls recruited in the biomarker discovery phase, we achieved sensitivity of 88.6% and specificity of 92.9%. To further assess the predictive power of our panel, we used it to an independent patient cohort that consisted of 60 early-stage cervical cancer individuals as well as 60 healthy controls, and successfully achieved both high sensitivity (80.0%) and high specificity (96.7%). Our study indicated combining analyses of multiple serum biomarkers could improve the accuracy of non-invasive detection of early-stage cervical cancer, and potentially serve as a new liquid biopsy approach for detecting early-stage cervical cancer. For women worldwide in the world, cervical cancer, which is ranked as the fourth most frequently occurred cancer 1 , contributed for 6.6% of the total cases of cancer and 7.5% of the total cancer fatalities of women in 2018 1. Additionally, in women of reproductive age, cervical cancer is the major cause 2-4. The transition to invasive cervical cancer from normal epithelium can take more than a decade 5. In the early stage of Ib and II, the overall survival rate of cervical cancer is 70-90%, but this rate significantly goes down to 15% in the late stage of IVa 6. The main reason of the high death rate of cervical cancer is that its asymptomatic and non-specific nature in the early stages makes early detection extremely difficult 7. If early detection of cervical cancer is achieved, there are various treatment options readily available, which make cervical cancer curable. Currently, Papanicolaou test (Pap smear) and colposcopy are the most common methods for cervical cancer detection. For pap smear screening, it had specificity of 98%, but a sensitivity of 51% 8. Also, Pap smear is not very effective at identifying adenocarcinoma, or cervical carcinoma in situ. For certain early-stage cervical cancer, colposcopy and cervical biopsy may be able to recognize it, but these procedures are invasive for patients, and could delay treatment and generate extra costs and risks 9. Serum tumor biomarkers such as Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC Ag) as well as CA19-9 have been frequently used for detecting and monitoring cervical cancer, because they can be measured non-invasively in blood samples 10-1...

The present study is a clinical trial analyzing follicular fluid. The current study aimed to assess whether a correlation exists among estradiol (E2), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and prokineticin 1 (PROK1) levels in the follicular fluid. A total of 81 infertile patients (53 with primary infertility and 28 with secondary infertility) who received routine in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection at Yuhuangding Hospital (Yantai, China) were included in the present study. On the day of egg retrieval, follicular puncture and follicular fluid extraction were performed on patients using double lumen needles under the guidance of a vaginal ultrasound. In 77 cases, follicular fluid was collected from the follicle with the largest diameter. A total of 53 cases underwent ET and subsequent pregnancy outcomes were traced. Concentrations of E2, AMH and PROK1 in the single follicular fluid specimens were determined. The concentration of E2 in follicular fluid from the largest follicles in absolute pregnancy group was significantly lower than that in absolute non-pregnancy group. The concentrations of PROK1 and AMH in follicular fluid from the largest follicles in absolute pregnancy group were not significantly different from those in absolute non-pregnancy group. The concentration of E2 was associated with the dosage of gonadotropin, but was not associated with age, AMH and PROK1 levels in follicular fluid, fertilization rate or number of usable blastocysts. The area under curve revealed that E2 level in the follicular fluid exhibited a low predictive value for pregnancy outcome. The present study demonstrated that E2 level is a better predictor for the outcome of IVF-ET than AMH or PROK1 levels in the follicular fluid.