Background: Constipation is a prevalent complication for stroke patients, but massage therapy for the abdominal area has been demonstrated to enhance digestive functioning overall, making it both a relief and a preventative precaution. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of abdominal massage technique as a preventive measure against constipation in post-stroke patients. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental research design of 60 adult post-stroke patients who were purposively selected and classified into two equal groups of 30 each (Study and control group). The study was conducted at the stroke department of Minia University Hospital in Minia governorate. Data was collected using three tools: a structured interview assessment sheet for socio-demographic and medical data, a tool of two parts for assessing constipation, and the abdominal massage technique. Results:The study group demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the prevention of constipation occurrence compared to the control group on the third day. Conclusion:The study findings indicate that abdominal massage can significantly reduce the incidence of constipation in post-stroke patients. Recommendation: The application of abdominal massage is an effective and safe intervention for the prevention of constipation, and it is recommended that an in-service educational training program about abdominal massage be implemented.

Background: Despite utilization of enteral feeding is an important determinant for stroke patients' recovery, gastrointestinal complications still may occur. The basic goals of nursing care are to prevent complications. Therefore, utilizing techniques such as abdominal massage with proper enteral feeding has been proved to improve various digestive functions. The aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of proper enteral feeding technique and abdominal massage on selected gastrointestinal complications among stroke patients. Research design: Quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Subjects: A purposive sample including (60) adult stroke patients classified equally into two equal groups study and control group (n = 30).Setting: Conducted at the Minia University Hospital's Stroke department in the Minia governorate. Tools: Four tools were utilized to collect data, the first tool is a structured interview assessment sheet that includes two parts (socio-demographic characteristics and medical data) the second tool includes three parts for assessing selected gastrointestinal complications. The third and fourth tools for abdominal massage and proper enteral feeding techniques. Results: The gastric residual volume difference between the study and control group subjects was statistically significant (P<0.0001) on the third-day post-intervention. The difference between the two groups regard to the distension and vomiting occurrence was statistically significant relation on the third day (P<0.01, P<0.013) respectively. Conclusion: The study findings concluded that the study group has reduced mean average of gastric residual volume, the distention, and vomiting episodes occurrence than the control group with significance on the third day. Recommendations: The in-service educational training program for nurses that emphasizes the purposes and benefits of proper enteral feeding technique and abdominal massage is very important.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is greatly associated with obesity. This study aimed to determine which anthropometric measure is the most predictive for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Egyptian adults concerning body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 202 randomly selected individuals, 101 of whom were diagnosed T2DM (≥ 20 years old) patients attending the medical units of Minia University hospital and 101 controls who were recruited from the local community and were confirmed negative T2DM diagnosis. Study Tool: An interview questionnaire consists two parts: 1) Demographic characteristics, and 2) clinical data including disease history of T2DM, laboratory investigations and anthropometric measurements. The anthropometric measurements were measured according to standard World Health Organization protocols. Results: Cases aged 54.68±7.38 with 63.4% were male while controls aged 47.7±11.54 and 35.6% were males. Receiver operating curve analysis showed WC had the highest discriminatory power in men (area-under-the-curve [AUC] = 0.905 at 99.5 cm) and women (AUC=0.801 at 103.5 cm), while AUCs in men and women were (0.885 and 0.784) for WHTR, (0.790 and 0.753) for BMI, and (0.669 and 0.663) for WHR, respectively. After binary logistic regression, age-adjusted odds ratios confirmed the association. Conclusions: WC showed the best discriminatory power among other anthropometric measures in predicting T2DM in Egyptian adults at 99.5 cm for men and 103.5 cm for women. Recommendations: the study should be replicated on large probability sampling among Egyptians.

Background:The individual Behavior-based vulnerability to COVID-19 imposes risk of underestimation without objective evaluation. This study aimed to develop a tool for behavior-based risk of exposure to droplet infection (REDI) during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Initial REDI was developed with four domains (precautions for direct droplet infection, precautions for indirect droplet infection, precautions in a shared shelter, and precaution in health facilities), then validated through an online cross-sectional study among 608 non-health facilities' workers/clients (NHF), 201 clients in health facilities during last month (CIHF), and 386 workers in health facilities (WIHF). Results: The final model confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the model [χ2/df = (1.45-1.86), GFI＝ (0.90-0.96), CFI＝ (0.89-0.96), RMSEA = (0.036-0.048)] among NHF, CIHF, and WIHF with Cronbach's values 0.82, 0.80, and 0.87, respectively. Perceived/measured REDI was 0.28/0.66 (±0.20/0.22) in 72.2% of participants. Conclusion: REDI tool is valid and reliable for COVID-19 behavior-based risk identification.

No abstract