This study assessed the clinical usefulness of the 2D-Array Seven29 by comparing the dose of Photon Beam for water phantom, 2D-array and Treatment Planning System in five Field sizes. The experimental equipment included the linear accelerator, treatment planning system (TPS), water phantom, 2D-Array, solid phantoms, and two types of ionization chambers (Semiflex and Pinpoint). The distance between the ray source and the center of the ion chamber was fixed to SSD of 100 cm during the experiment. The field size was 10 x 10 cm 2 and the radiation energies of the photon beam were 6 MV and 15 MV. The energy fields sizes involved (1×1, 2×2, 3×3, 4×4, 5×5,). The relative deviation ratio of the TPS in water phantom and TPS to 2darray in the solid phantom was calculated. The measured doses in standard phantom were lower than TPS values for small field dimensions (less than 3×3 cm 2 ). The data measured by 2D-Array for fields 2×2 and 3×3cm 2 within ±2% indicated a good accuracy of measurement planning system for field size 1×1cm 2 . The measured doses in the standard phantom was lower than the TPS values for small field dimensions and the data measured by 2D-Array for 6 MV shows mild differences between the TPS and the experimental data. A slight difference appeared between the TPS and the experimental data using 2D-Array for 15 MV. The results were the same for the TPS and the measured data, at only a field dimension of 1×1cm 2 . The measured data increased as field area enlarged from 2×2 to 5×5cm 2 by a constant value of 4%.

Computed radiography (CR) systems were originally developed for the purpose of clinical imaging, and there has been much work published on its effectiveness as a film replacement for this end. However, there has been little published on its use for routine linear accelerator and simulator quality control, and therefore we have evaluated the use of the Kodak 2000RT system with large Agfa CR plates as a replacement for film for this function. A prerequisite for any such use is a detailed understanding of the system behaviour, hence characteristics such as spatial uniformity of response, reproducibility of spatial accuracy, plate signal decay with time and the dose-response of plates were investigated. Finally, a comparison of results obtained using CR for the measurement of radiation field dimensions was made against those from radiographic film, and found to be in agreement within 0.1 mm (mean difference for high-resolution images, 0.3 mm root mean square difference) for megavoltage images and 0.3 mm (maximum difference) for simulator images. In conclusion, the CR system has been shown to be a good alternative to radiographic film for routine quality control of linear accelerators and simulators.

This work aims to study dosimetrically compared 6MV, 10MV, and dual energies (DE) photon beam energies in patients with liver cancer. Evaluating the effect of using different energies on intensity-modulated radiation (IMRT) outcome were selected.Stepand-shoot IMRT treatment plans were designed for delivery on an Elekta linear accelerator with 160 leaves. Identical optimization constraints were applied for all energy plans. Parameters such as beam angle and number of beams were kept constant to achieve the same clinical objectives. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. Many physical indices for Planning Target Volume (PTV), the relevant Organs at Risk (OARs) as mean dose (Dmean), maximum dose (Dmax), 95% dose (D95), and also the number of monitor units (MU) were applied.Twenty eight virtual IMRT treatment plans were involved in this study. the plans depended on Monaco's (IMRT) treatment plan outcome. For each case, three plans with the same beam geometry were created using 6 MV, 10 MV, and DE. For dual energy plans, all cases were optimized with identical planning objectives and normalized such that 98% of the target received 100% of the prescription dose.The three techniques showed comparable PTV inhomogeneity and conformity for all patient's differences within the median values <0.6%10 MV and DE plans and a statistically important reduction in the total number of monitor units (MU) of 14.2% (p <0.01) and 13.3% (p <0.01) as compared to 6 MV, respectively. It could be concluded that each dual energy and 10 MV energy had similar PTV dosimetry characteristics.