Background: The lack of adequate data on the oral health status among the Egyptians is a challenging barrier for the assessment and improvement of oral health needs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to collect data on oral health status among a sample of Egyptian rural population and to assess the possible role of the socio-demographic, socio-economic, and behavioral risk factors on the status of the present dentition (the pattern of tooth loss and edentulism). Materials and methods: Data was collected from 530 patients with age ranged from 20 to 70 years using a modified World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire. The questionnaire included information about oral health status, socio-demographic (age and sex), socio-economic (educational levels and income), and behavioral factors (smoking and oral hygiene measures). A complete intra-and extraoral examination and free dental health care services were provided by a team of qualified dental specialists from National Research Centre (NRC). Data was analyzed using chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests, and the significance level was validated at p < 0.05. Results: Females comprised 79% while males were 21% of the surveyed rural sample. Concerning socio-economic aspects including the level of education and income, it was found that 50% of the individuals completed their secondary educational levels, followed by illiterates 35.5% and preparatory levels, while college graduates were minority 4.7%. On the other hand, only 27.5% of rural had income while 72.5% of them had no income. Assessment of behavioral risk factors (oral hygiene procedures and smoking) showed that only 34.3% of the individuals claimed to brush their teeth and only a minority were male smokers (13.8%). The results demonstrated poor oral health status and increased incidence of partial edentulism (45%), where Kennedy class III was the most common type (34.6%). Conclusions:1. Lack of oral hygiene measures specifically tooth brushing is the most significant behavioral risk factor for the poor oral health status and tooth loss in this survey. 2. Sociodemographic and socio-economic factors are influential risk factors for tooth loss. 3. Cigarette smoking was not a main behavioral risk factor that impacts the oral health status in the present survey

Background: Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin is still the most commonly used material for denture bases despite of their known disadvantages. Attempts to overcome these problems were approached through the introduction of new denture base materials including the injection molded thermoplastic resins. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the viscoelastic behavior of conventional heat cured and injection molded thermoplastic resins over wide range of thermal variation. Materials and Methods: A total number of 90 Specimens were prepared. 45 specimens for conventional heat cured resin (Vertex regular, Zeist, Netherlands) and 45 specimens for thermoplastic injection molding denture base materials (Bre-Crystal, Bredent, Germany) were polymerized according to their manufacturer instructions. The Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis at a frequency of 1 Hz under shearing mode and over a temperature range of 5 to 50 0 C was carried out using a dynamic viscoelastometer. The shear storage modulus (G′), the loss modulus (G″), and damping factor (tan δ) were obtained. Results: Significant differences were detected between the two tested materials regarding storage and loss moduli. Higher mean storage and loss moduli and damping factors were recorded for the heat cured resin compared to thermoplastic injection molded resin. Conclusion:Within the limitations of this study it could be concluded that different types of denture base materials and processing techniques affect the dynamic viscoelastic properties and consequently could influence their clinical performance in the oral environment. The regular clinical use of thermoplastic resin should be considered in special cases.

Background: 3D printed complete dentures fabrication with computer-aided designing and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques is becoming popular nowadays. However, studies that analyzed the occlusal forces distribution using recent digital methods as T-scan III and further evaluated the dentures effect on patient`s life quality were lacking. Objectives: Evaluation of the occlusal forces distribution using T-scan III, and evaluation of the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) using Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous Patients (OHIP-EDEN) questionnaire for 3D printed complete dentures and comparing it with conventional denture fabrication techniques. Methods: Twenty completely edentulous patients were selected and divided randomly into two equal groups according to manufacturing technique group I (patients who received conventional complete dentures), and group II (patients who received 3D printed complete dentures). For all patients, occlusal force analysis (percentage of applied occlusal force on both sides) was performed using the T-Scan III (digital occlusal analysis system). Also, OHRQoL was assessed using (OHIP-EDENT) questionnaire. Results: In the digital occlusal analysis, comparison between right and left sides regarding occlusal forces distribution revealed a significant difference in group I (conventional denture), while in group II (3D printed denture), it revealed an insignificant difference. Regarding, OHIP-EDENT patients in group I (conventional denture) revealed higher scores than group II (3D printed dentures). Also, the correlation between occlusal forces & (OHIP-EDENT) scores revealed a strong negative significant correlation. Conclusions: The 3D printed complete dentures fabricated using CAD/CAM technology proved to be more superior over conventional methods in terms of digital occlusal force analysis and Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous Patients (OHIP-EDENT). However, further studies are required on more patients to decide the exact superiority of one technique over the other after long-term follow-up periods.

Background: OT unilateral extra-coronal attachmentconsidered as one of the best choices for distal extension partially edentulous cases. Aim: Comparing OT unilateral extra-coronal attachment with modified OT unilateral extra-coronal attachment RPDs with bracing arm regardingamount of bone loss and occlusal load (using T-scan system). Methods: Ten patients have missing bilateral mandibular molars teeth were treated according to split-mouth design using protocol A (OT unilateral extra-coronal attachment) and protocol B (modified OT unilateral extra-coronal attachment with a bracing arm). Amount of bone loss was evaluated radiographically at time of denture insertion, 3months, 6month, 9months, 12month and 18 months after denture delivery to measure the bone height changes. Also, occlusal load was evaluated using T-scanner (Digital occlusal analysis). Results: Regarding bone loss: Protocol B was significantly lower than protocol A after 6 and 12 months, while in occlusal load analysis Protocol B was insignificantly lower than protocol A. Conclusion: Less vertical bone height resorption and less occlusal forces in bracing side (OT unilateral extra-coronal attachment RPDs with a bracing arm) when compared with the non-bracing side.

No abstract