In this retrospective study, we investigated the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in patients with postpartum low back pain (PPLBP).We included 67 patients with PPLBP in this study. All patients received NMES, each session 30 minutes, 1 session weekly for a total of 4 weeks. The primary outcome was measured by the reduction in pain intensity, based on the visual analogue scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes included functional status, measured by the Roland–Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ), and quality of life, measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), as well as the adverse events related to the treatment. The outcome data were evaluated at baseline and at the end of 4-week treatment.After 4-week treatment, NMES did not exert better outcomes in pain relief, measured by VAS, and functional status, measured by RMDQ compared with those before the treatment. In addition, no significant improvement in quality of life, measured by WHOQOL-BREF, compared to it before the treatment.The results of our study did not find that NMES is effective in patients with PPLBP after 4-week treatment.

This retrospective study investigated the effect of knee joint function training (KJFT) on joint functional rehabilitation after knee replacement in Chinese patients with severe knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Eighty-six eligible patients with severe KOA were included. Of those, 43 patients in the intervention group received KJFT and educational program, while the other 43 patients received educational program only. Primary outcome was measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes were measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). All outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1 week before and 3 months after the surgery.Patients in the intervention group showed encouraging benefit neither at 1 week before nor 3 months after the surgery in all outcome measurements, including WOMAC, VAS, and KOOS, when compared with the patients in the control group.The results of this study did not show promising effect of KJFT for joint functional rehabilitation in Chinese patients with KOA after KJR.

BackgroundMalocclusion is a common oral disorder. Childhood is a critical period for the development of malocclusion. This protocol will explore the clinical efficacy and safety of bracketless invisible orthosis (BIO) in the treatment of children with malocclusion.MethodsThis study will search MEDLINE, PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, WANGFANG, VIP, CNKI, and CBM from inception to the present. We will not apply any limitations to the language and publication status. All potential randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of BIO for the treatment of children with malocclusion will be considered for inclusion. Two authors will independently carry out study identification, data extraction, and study quality assessment in each study. Any disagreement will be resolved through discussion with a third author. When a number of included studies are sufficient, we will conduct meta-analysis, as well as subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. The certainty of evidence will be appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Outcome of interest will be presented in summary of findings tables, and statistical analysis will be performed utilizing RevMan 5.4 software. DiscussionThis systematic study will summarize all available studies to investigate the clinical efficacy of BIO in treating children with malocclusion. Findings of this study will highlight efficacy and safety of BIO for the treatment of children with malocclusion for both clinical practice and future strategies. Study registrationOSF (https://osf.io/avpmx).