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Asphalt is a black, thermoplastic, hydrocarbon material extracted from crude oil and widely used in road construction all over the world. In order to meet the requirements of construction technology, asphalt always needs to be heated to flow state in the process of mixing and paving, during which a large amount of asphalt fume is released. Asphalt fume is a complex mixtures of inorganic compound gases, volatile organic compounds and particulate matter, which poses a serious threat to the natural environment and the health of practitioners. In order to solve this problem, researchers have developed different types of fume-suppressant. In this literature review, the properties, mechanisms and effects of all kinds of commonly used fumesuppressants were discussed in detail. Finally, the problems existing in the development of asphalt fumesuppressant and corresponding improvement considerations were pointed out.