This paper analyzes universalities and variations of HEART metaphor via qualitative and quantitative analysis of data retrieved from two authoritative, general, and monolingual corpora-Center for Chinese Linguistics (CCL) and Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) in Chinese and English. Results reveal that the universal bodily experience is responsible for the largely shared source domains for HEART metaphor (e.g. CONTAINER, OBJECT, LIVING ORGANISM, etc.) which justifies the universality of conceptual metaphor. However, HEART metaphor in Chinese is richer than in English due to the difference between Western dualism and ancient Chinese philosophy. Besides, the shared metaphor like OBJECT display variations in detail, and unique source domains are used for a particular culture (GAS in Chinese and MECHANICS in English). The traditional Chinese medicine can account for the unique source domain of GAS in Chinese and the other variations can be ascribed to the different social-cultural history in English and Chinese.

This paper analyzes universalities and variations of LIFE metaphor via qualitative and quantitative analysis of data retrieved from two authoritative, general, and monolingual corpora—Center for Chinese Linguistics (CCL) and Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) in Chinese and English. The study aims to explore the universalities and variations of LIFE metaphor in Chinese and English on the one hand, further the hidden reasons for the universalities and variations on the other. Results reveal that source domains like JOURNEY/VOYAGE, FOOD, WAR, DREAM, BOOK are employed to conceptualize LIFE both in Chinese and English justifying the universality of conceptual metaphor, which can be ascribed to Chinese and American people’s common bodily experience, common knowledge and experience about the world, common social and cultural experience. However, the frequency of conceptualizing FOOD, WAR, DREAM, BOOK is different, and the potential universal metaphors like FOOD show differences in their specific details. Besides, unique source domains are used for a particular culture (OPERA in Chinese). Different socio-cultural contexts, differential memory, Chinese and Americans’ different outlooks on life may account for LIFE metaphor’s cross-cultural variation.