No abstract

The findings suggested that an abnormality of the dopaminergic neurons in the ACC that are involved with DAT dysfunction is associated with the development of alcohol tolerance.

The findings suggested that an abnormality of the dopaminergic neurons in the ACC that are involved with DAT dysfunction is associated with the development of alcohol tolerance.

A 16-year-old Japanese boy with a history of truancy had been treated at a psychiatric clinic. When the patient was referred to us for hypokalemia-associated paralysis, the diagnosis of thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis was made, common in Asian men. Subsequently, the patient was found to have persistently high plasma renin and aldos-terone levels. Thus, solute carrier family 12 member 3 gene (SLC12A3) analysis was performed. A novel missense homozygous mutation CTC->CAC at codon 858 (L858H) was found for which the patient was homozygous and his non-consanguineous parents heterozygote. These findings indicated that the patient developed hypokalemia-associated paralysis concurrently with thyrotoxicosis and Gitelman's syndrome. This case underscores the importance of careful examinations of adolescents with complaints of truancy as well as of precise determinations of the causes of hypokalemia-associated paralysis.

We report four cases of adult-onset Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) with central nervous system (CNS) lesions in the hypothalamic-pituitary region. The first clinical symptoms were diabetes insipidus (two patients), hypothyroidism (one patient), and decreased libido/erectile dysfunction (one patient). Diagnosis was delayed as the CNS lesion was not initially suspected to be secondary to LCH, with a median time from symptom onset to treatment of 3.0 (range <1-5.3) years. In three patients, the tumor mass was effectively reduced by chemotherapy; however, all patients continue to exhibit hypopituitarism. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are required to improve the outcome of CNS-LCH in adult patients.