Background The INBUILD trial investigated the efficacy and safety of nintedanib versus placebo in patients with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We aimed to establish the effects of nintedanib in subgroups based on ILD diagnosis. Methods The INBUILD trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial done at 153 sites in 15 countries. Participants had an investigator-diagnosed fibrosing ILD other than IPF, with chest imaging features of fibrosis of more than 10% extent on high resolution CT (HRCT), forced vital capacity (FVC) of 45% or more predicted, and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco) of at least 30% and less than 80% predicted. Participants fulfilled protocol-defined criteria for ILD progression in the 24 months before screening, despite management considered appropriate in clinical practice for the individual ILD. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 by means of a pseudorandom number generator to receive nintedanib 150 mg twice daily or placebo for at least 52 weeks. Participants, investigators, and other personnel involved in the trial and analysis were masked to treatment assignment until after database lock. In this subgroup analysis, we assessed the rate of decline in FVC (mL/year) over 52 weeks in patients who received at least one dose of nintedanib or placebo in five prespecified subgroups based on the ILD diagnoses documented by the investigators: hypersensitivity pneumonitis, autoimmune ILDs, idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia, unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, and other ILDs. The trial has been completed and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02999178.

A toxic endocrine disruptor, 4-n-nonylphenol, was degraded using a well-known TiO2 and a visible-light-driven BiVO4 photocatalyst under irradiation from a solar simulator. The degradation rates for both BiVO4 and TiO2 are comparable in air-saturated solution though surface area of BiVO4 is much smaller than that of TiO2. This fact indicates that BiVO4 has a great ability to degrade alkylphenols in wastewater under solar light.

The thermal annealing effect on the photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of GaInNAs/GaAs quantum wells (QWs) grown by chemical beam epitaxy (CBE) using radical nitrogen is presented. The room-temperature PL peak intensity of GaInNAs/GaAs QWs increased about 70 times and the linewidth of PL spectra decreased after annealing at 675°C for 30 seconds. The blue shift of the PL peak wavelength of GaInNAs/GaAs QWs and GaNAs/GaAs QWs, due to the structural change of QWs was observed. It was found that the blue shift was caused by In–Ga interdiffusion rather than nitrogen atom diffusion. The interdiffusion caused by defects is thought to reduce the number of non radiative centers, resulting in the improvement of PL characteristics. The optimum annealing temperature depends on the composition.

An initial serum ferritin level of ≥450 ng/mL, P[A-a]O of ≥30 mmHg, and right middle lobe GGO score of ≥2 (GGO ≥5% of the lobe) were identified as poor prognostic factors for anti-MDA5 Ab-positive DM-IP patients.

No abstract