Aim: This study aimed to assess whether hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus is a risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes during pregnancy or delivery. Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort study of obstetric complications included 41 patients with recurrent pregnancy loss or unexplained infertility who underwent hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus. As controls, we recruited 1139 women who delivered at our hospital during the same period. The primary outcomes were mean weeks of delivery, mean birthweight, rate of cesarean section, rate of breech presentation, rate of post-partum hemorrhage, rate of preterm delivery, rate of placental abruption, rate of placenta previa, rate of placenta accreta and uterine rupture during pregnancy and delivery. Results: The two groups did not differ in terms of age, mean weeks of delivery, mean birthweight, rate of post-partum hemorrhage, rate of preterm delivery, rate of placental abruption, rate of placenta previa or rate of placenta accreta. The rates of cesarean section and breech presentation were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (56.1 vs 27.7%; P = 0.0002 and 19.5 vs 6.8%; P = 0.007, respectively). There were no cases of uterine rupture during pregnancy or delivery following hysteroscopic metroplasty. Conclusion: Hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus is not a risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes. No severe complications, such as placenta abruption, placenta previa, placenta accreta, uterine rupture or heavy hemorrhage, were observed in the postoperative live birth group.
A 29-year-old nulliparous woman was diagnosed with ovotesticular disorder of sex development (DSD) based on postoperative histopathological findings after undergoing unilateral gonadectomy at the age of 6 years; later (age of 8 years), she had also undergone vulvoplasty and vaginoplasty. Her karyotype was 46, XX. She had dyspareunia because of a narrow vagina, but had a normal uterus and left gonad.Spontaneous ovulation was confirmed, but sexual intercourse was impossible because of dyspareunia despite performing vaginal self-dilatation using a vaginal dilator. Artificial insemination was initiated; however, five cycles failed to yield a viable pregnancy. We decided to perform in vitro fertilization (IVF), which resulted in conception. To reduce her distress during IVF because of insufficient lumen expansion following vaginoplasty, we administered adequate intravenous anesthesia before oocyte collection. The patient delivered a healthy male infant weighing 2,558 g at 37 weeks of gestation via cesarean section, which was performed because of gestational hypertension. This is the eighth report of a viable neonate born from a patient with ovotesticular DSD following gonadectomy and the first such pregnancy achieved by IVF. Therefore, IVF seems to be an effective option for infertile patients with ovotesticular DSD. Additionally, self-management of the plastic vagina is important during the peri-and postoperative periods of early vaginoplasty to prevent dyspareunia.
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