Introduction: Lipids are fundamental biomolecules of the body. Infections like COVID-19 with intricate immune response in some patient’s leads to acute complications by affecting metabolic pathways at multiple levels. Metabolism of cholesterol, triglyceride and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-Cholesterol is deranged by cytokines and multiple inflammatory mediators. The sex differences in lipid metabolism may contribute in susceptibility, severity and outcome of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Performing lipid profile in COVID-19 patient may help in assessing severity and prognosis of disease. Aim: To assess the relationship between lipid profile and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients and also to evaluate the gender wise differences in lipid parameters and their correlations with inflammatory markers. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry at SHKM, GMC, Mewat, Haryana, India (tertiary care health centre) on COVID-19 positive patients attending Outpatient Department (OPD) and Inpatient Department (IPD), from October 2020 to December 2020. The data of 85 patients with COVID-19 positive, confirmed by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and who were prescribed for lipid profile along with C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and serum ferritin were included in the study. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-Cholesterol, CRP and ferritin were measured in the subjects. Data was statistically analysed using Student’s t test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Total 85 (46 males and 39 females) COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Mean age in male and female patients were 43.02±15.52 years and 42.02±15.25 years, respectively with a range of 5-82 years. Mean value of Serum triglycerides, HDL-C and total cholesterol was 204.94±141.27 mg/dL, 42.97±13.38 mg/ dL and 187.058±45.75 mg/dL, respectively. Serum triglycerides were statistically significantly higher in males than females (pvalue=0.0413). The HDL-C however was significantly higher in females than males (p-value=0.0006). In male patients, r-value between cholesterol and CRP was -0.3538, and p-value was 0.016. Ferritin had a significant negative correlation with HDL-C (r-value=-0.3578, p-value=0.00079). Weak Positive correlation was noted between triglyceride and ferritin (r-value= 0.2285, p-value=0.035). Conclusion: High levels of serum triglycerides, low total cholesterol, and low HDL-cholesterol correlates with inflammatory markers like CRP and ferritin in COVID-19 patients. Lipid profile may be used as a potential marker in all COVID-19 patients in assessing prognosis of disease.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) includes persistent bronchitis and emphysema, which is generally caused due to smoking of tobacco. (COPD) is an obstructive lung disorder characterized by airflow limitation that is progressive, associated with severe inflammatory response in the air passages and the lungs due to toxic particles. It interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible. Objectives: 1. To estimate lipid profile (Total cholesterol (TCH), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein (LDL), Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)) in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary. 2. To find correlation of these parameters with severity of disease. Material and Method: The study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with Department of Respiratory Medicine at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and AVBRH, Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, India. Thirty-two patients diagnosed with COPD were selected from OPD and ward of Respiratory Medicine and thirty-two age and sex matched controls were taken. Result: The analysis of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL in cases and controls. Result was statistically significant in between cases and controls of total cholesterol (p<0.001), HDL (p<0.001) and LDL (p<0.001), and statistically not significant in between cases and controls of triglycerides (p=0.6) and VLDL (p=0.98). Conclusion: We conclude that smoking significantly affect lipid profile in COPD patients, as it increases LDL levels and decreases HDL levels. Hence all patients with COPD patients who are smoker’s needs to check their lipid profile. COPD is considered as systemic disease with various co morbidities, which may affect the lipid profile. Keywords: Lipid profile, COPD, AAT, CVD, TNF-α, CRP and GOLD.

Introduction: Electrolytes are very essential for normal functioning of vital organs including heart. Electrical activity of the heart is regulated by Na, K and Ca. Normal homeostasis of these electrolytes are vital for normal functioning of heart. Electrolyte imbalance is often common after episode of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and electrolyte imbalance may have important role in altering the prognosis of ACS. Aims & Objectives: To assess the serum electrolytes imbalance (Na, K and Ca) in ACS patients within first 48 hours of onset of symptoms. Materials and Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study conducted on 50 cases of ACS and 50 healthy controls. Serum Na, K and Ca (total) concentration were estimated in healthy controls and newly diagnosed cases of ACS within 48 hours of onset of symptoms. Result: Mean value of serum Na, K and Ca (total) in case and control group were 138±4.23 and 140±1.99 mEq/L (p=0.0018), 3.87±0.43 and 4.16±0.35 mEq/L (p=0.0006), 8.85±0.59 and 9.68±0.44 mg/dL (p<0.0001) respectively. Hyponatremia, hypokalaemia and hypocalcemia were found in 14% (n=7), 12% (n=6) and 18% (n=9) of ACS patients respectively. Conclusion: There were statistically significant lower levels of serum Na, K and Ca (total) found in ACS patients compared to healthy controls.