Animal studies show beneficial effects of various antioxidants, such as erdosteine, vitamin E, vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, and erythropoietin, in the prevention of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity. However, before these agents can be used in clinical practice, their potential benefits must be confirmed in future randomized controlled human studies.

Purpose. The precise role of carnitine as the key regulator of lipid metabolism in sepsis is unclear. In this review, available experimental as well as clinical evidences regarding the probable beneficial effects of carnitine in sepsis were evaluated. Method. A comprehensive literature search was performed in the related medical databases. Related experimental and clinical studies were included. Results and Conclusion: The plasma and tissue level of carnitine or its derivatives in septic condition is variable and inconclusive. Survival and outcomes are considered in only few studies. Despite its favorable safety profile, due to limited clinical evidence, it seems reasonable not to currently consider carnitine as a mandatory and beneficial supplement under septic conditions. Further well-designed, standard clinical trials are warranted in this regards. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

Results of our preliminary clinical trial suggested that cotreatment with 2000 mg oral L-carnitine solution daily for 4 weeks significantly decreased the rate of ATDH.

A rapid, effortless increase in altitude (over a moderate range in altitude) decreases IOP in healthy individuals. The observed decrease may not be clinically significant; however, it shows the versatility of IOP control mechanisms in response to alteration in altitude and temperature.

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