This paper proposes an electric vehicle (EV) charging management scheme for effective utilization of photovoltaic (PV) power based on an auction mechanism. The proposed scheme coordinates an amount of self-consumption of PV output by shifting the charging period of customers' EVs, and it reduces PV curtailment caused by voltage rise in low-voltage distribution systems (LVDSs). The auction mechanism is introduced in order to assure both the equity of benefit in each customer and the autonomy that enables customers to voluntarily participate in the EV charging management scheme. The authors perform numerical simulations based on a Japanese distribution system model and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The results show that our proposed scheme reduces the residential operation cost and the PV curtailment in LVDSs without an enhanced communication network even taking into consideration the effects of forecasting errors of electricity demand and PV output, and unexpected disconnection condition of several EVs.

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In this study, the factors that affected the sense of recovery of the victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake were analyzed from both short-term and long-term perspectives. We used the results of questionnaire surveys conducted in 2013 and 2017 amongst residents of Noda Village, Iwate Prefecture, to determine the factors that affected the sense of recovery of their personal lives as well as their sense of the recovery of the village itself. We also examined how differences in the choice of temporary housing affected their sense of recovery. Utilizing decision tree analysis, we clarified differences in the key factors that impacted their short-term and long-term perspectives as well as the sense of their own recovery and their sense of the village's recovery. Because the introduction of publicly-funded rental housing deviated from the temporary housing networks available in previous disasters, there remains the possibility that although the short-term sense of recovery of those in publicly-funded temporary housing was relatively low, it seemed to increase over the long-term.